英语虚拟语气
1. 关于英语虚拟语气
^1:不是有without就得虚拟
这里其实省略了if
是if without your help,we ^^^^^^^^
这样就理回解了吧
2:这样的句答子太多了
i can not live without you.
2. 英语虚拟语气
1.B。should have done表本应该做某事,言外之意是没有做,所以是用虚拟语气;而A是表示我们已经做了某事,和后面but转折的语义不符;
2.A。语句翻译为:我本来打算加入你们的,但是我的感冒使我没办法这么做。was to表将要,打算做某事,was过去时表过去那个时刻我打算这么做,而have done则是对过去将要做的事的虚拟。B表示过去打算加入,没有虚拟语气;C表过去已经加入,不对;D表过去希望加入,用了过去完成时,不能用来表虚拟语气。
不知道这么讲能不能明白,对你有帮助的话,记得采纳哦~~~
3. 英语虚拟语气用法
d
虚拟语气,对过去虚拟,从句用过去完成时
虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,怀疑,猜测, 建议等含义,虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
If I were you, I'd take them away.
如果我是你的话,我就会带走他们。
If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.
如果我碰见了李华,我就告诉了他了。
If I had time. I could come to help you.
如果我有时间,我会来帮助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.
他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。
He speaks to us as if he had been there.
他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。
虚拟语气的用法
1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中,表示祝愿,命令。
May you be happy.
祝你幸福。
May you have a good time.
祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long.
祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
Have a good journey!
祝愿你旅途愉快!
You go out!
你出去!
2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。动词 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气, 宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望,要求。
I wish she would be on my side.
我希望她能站在我一边。
I wish I could help him.
我希望我能帮助他。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.
他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。
动词 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的从句中,"should" 可以省略。
The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.
老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。
He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.
他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。
3) 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。
在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中,that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用: should + 动词原形
It's necessary that we should have a walk now.
我们有必要出去散散步。
It's natural that she should do so.
她这样做是很自然的。
It's important that we should take good care of the patient.
重要的是我们要照顾好病人。
4) 虚拟语气用在状语从句中。
虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的主句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时,动词有三种时态形式,即现在,过去和将来。
与现在事实相反的:
条件从句 结果从句
If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 动词原形。 He (you,they) would + 动词原形。
与过去事实相反的:
条件从句 结果从句
If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 过去分词 I(we)should + have+ 过去分词。He (you,they) would + have + 过去分词。
If I were you, I should buy it.
如果我是你,我就买了它。
If I had time, I would study French.
如果我有时间,我会学习法语的。
If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.
如果她懂英语的话,她不会找我帮忙的。
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.
如果你早一点起床,就会赶上火车的。
If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping.
如果明天天气好,我就去买东西。
有关虚拟语气的几个问题:
1) 有时if引导的状语从句可以省略 if,而把从句中的动词 were, had 或 should 移到主语前面。
Were she younger, she would do it .
如果她年青点, 她就会干的。
Had he known her address, he would had gone to visite her.
如果他知道她的地址,他会去看她的。
2) 有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略,而只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句。
I could help you.
我本来可以帮助你。
If I had time.
我要有时间该多好啊。
She should have come to the party.
她应该来参加聚会。
If he had much more money.
如果他有更多的钱就能...。
3) 虚拟语气中,条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致。
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.
如果他们以前努力学习的话,现在干的就会容易些。
If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.
如果他不听取我的建议,他就不会干得这样好。
4. 英语虚拟语气
这个句子不是虚拟语气的结构。主句是一般过去时,从句是过去将来时。
5. 英语的虚拟语气具体用法是什么
① 表示与现在事实相反的情况:
主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他
if+主语+did/be(were)+其他
eg.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.
如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你)
②表示与过去事实相反的情况
主语+should/would/could/might+have done+其他+if+主语+had done +其他
Eg.If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。(事实:去晚了)
③表示对将来情况的主观推测(可能相反或可能性很小)
主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他,if+主语+did/should/were to do+其他
eg.If he should come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him.
如果他哪天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。 (事实:来的可能性很小)
6. 英语中的虚拟语气是什么意思
来英语中的虚拟语自气用来表示假象,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,而不一定是一个事实,或与事实想反。
虚拟语气,通过位于动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的虚拟语气分为陈述语气,祈使语气,虚拟语气三类。
如:If I were a bird,I would be able to fly in a air.
如果我是只鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 事实是我并不可能变成一只鸟。
7. 英语中的虚拟语气
耐心地把这看完,你会对虚拟语气有个透彻的了解。
第一部分:语气的定义和种类
1 语气(mood)
语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2 语气的种类
⑴、陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如:
①There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。
②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗?
③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊!
⑵、祈使语气:表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如:
①Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。
②Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。
⑶、虚拟语气:表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如:
①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。
③May you succeed!祝您成功!
虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。让我们就从最简单的开始吧。
第二部分:简单句中的虚拟语气
一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时,表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气,常用于日常会话中。如:
⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗?
⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。
二、表祝愿。
1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿,但愿,此时may须置于句首(多用于正式文体中)。
⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好运!
⑵、May you be happy!祝你快乐!
⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就!
⑷、May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
⑸、May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
⑹、May you be happy. (注意那个be ) 祝你幸福。
2、用动词原形。例如:
(1).Long live the people! 人民万岁!
(2).“God bless you,”said the priest.牧师说:“愿上帝保佑你!”
(3).Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快!
三、表示强烈愿望。(该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形,第三人称单数也不加“s”)
(1).God save me.
(2).Heaven help us.
四、表命令
1.命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you),而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。
2.句子尾通常加上感叹号:!
3.虚拟语气动词用一般现在时态(Simple Present),如:work, be , go
4.否定形式的命令语气,可用助动词do,加上not。
(1). Work !
(2). Work harder !
(3). Be more alert ! (虚拟语气动词Be)
(4). You go out !
(5). Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虚拟语气)
(6). Don't be afraid. (口语中常用don't 代替do not)
五、在一些习惯表达中。如:
(1).You’d better set off now.你最好现在就出发。
(2).I’d rather not tell you the secret.我情愿不告诉你这个秘密。
第三部分:名词性从句中的虚拟语气
第一节:宾语从句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虚拟语气
一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气,常省去宾语从句的引导词that。
一)、对现在情况的虚拟(与现在的事实相反):
从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语be和were(was),实义动词用过去式。例:
1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道)
2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能)
3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能)
4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家)
5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood)
现在他在中国,他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂)
6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起)
二)、对过去情况的虚拟(和过去的事实相反):
用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时,或would, could, might+现在完成时。例:
1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I hadn't wasted so much time.
我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了)
2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance.
他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去)
3. We wished he had spoken to us.
(wished,had + spoken)(事实上他并没同我们讲)
4. I wish you had called earlier.
(wish, had + called)(事实上已迟了)
5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.
(will wish,had + listened)(事实上并不如此)
例题分析:I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept
动词wish后面接从句,表达不可能实现或与事实相反的情况时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气,即用过去式(表示现在发生的动作)或过去完成式(表示过去发生的动作)。本题后半句谓语动词have用的是过去时had
to get up and come, 所以前面要用过去完成时表示过去发生的动作。所以, 选项A)could have slept是答案
三)、对将来情况的虚拟(表示将来的主观愿望):
从句动词"would/should/could/might + 动词原形"(时间上较后)(请注意:主句和从句的主语不相同)。用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。例:
1. I wish it would stop raining.(虚拟动词would+动词原形stop)
我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢)
2. I wish you would be quiet.(would + be)
我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢)
3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive)
你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到)
4. I wish she would change her mind.(would + change)
我希望她会改变主意。(呵呵,女孩子可没那么容易就改变主意喔)
5. He will wish we would join him the following week.(would + join)
(只是希望我们和他在一起,实际上还没在一起)
四)、注意:
1.如果将wish改为过去式wished, 其后that 从句中的动词形式不变。例如:
I wished I hadn't spent so much money.
我要是那时没有花掉那么多钱就好了。
2. 如果that 从句中用would , 一般表示对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求
I wish he would answer my letter.
I wish prices would come down.
I wish you would help me.
I wish you would stop asking silly questions.
二、在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见,认为某事应该或不应该怎样,这些词语后面的“that”从句应用虚拟语气,且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种语气,但事实上“should”常被省略,故此从句中谓语动词用原形,常用的此类动词有:
表示“要求”的:ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg
表示“提议、劝告、建议”的:move, prpose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote
表示“决定、命令”的:decide, order
表示“主张”的:maintain, urge
表示“同意、坚持”的:consent, insist
例如:
1.The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.
2.He insisted that we (should ) tell him the news.
3.When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, “The razor and water do the job. ”(当我建议他用刮胡膏时,他说“剃刀和水就行了”。)
4.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. (他费了几天功夫寻找理论根据,直到我建议拆开看看它是如何转动的。)
5.One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an English
8. 英语虚拟语气用法,谢谢大家
你好。
您说的第一种由without, but, but for, but that, otherwise等引导的虚拟条件句为“含蓄虚拟条件句”,也就是说他没有明显的版像if这样权表达假设的含义,表达的比较含蓄。
比如:Without water or air, nothing could live.这个句子为典型的含蓄虚拟条件句。
可以转换为if引导的非真实条件句
=If there were no water or air, nothing could live.
因此可以理解为“含蓄虚拟条件句”中主句的谓语动词形式和if引导的非真实条件句中主句的谓语动词形式是一致的,由时间决定。
即
与现在事实相反,用would/could...+动词原形
与过去事实相反,用would+had+动词的过去分词。
而as if/though引导的是状语从句,所以其后的谓语动词变化应该和if引导的非真实条件句中从句的变化形式一致。
也就是
与现在事实相反,用did/were
与过去事实相反,用had done
希望这样解释能够帮助你记忆虚拟语气的动词变化形式,望采纳,谢谢。
9. 英语虚拟语气
1)在虚拟语气的从句中,动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were",不用was, 即在从句中be用were代替。
If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你,就会去找他。
2)用 if you were me
What would you do if you were me? 如果你是我,你会怎么做?
3)was主要用在It‘s time结构中,在该用was的时候不能用were
eg It’ time I was in bed 。 我该上床睡觉了。(这里不能用were)
4)一些用法 :
a. 同现在事实相反的假设。
句型 : 条件从句 主句
一般过去时 should( would) +动词原形
If they were here, they would help you.
b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。
句型: 条件从句 主句
过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词
If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
c. 表示对将来的假想
句型: 条件从句 主句
一般过去时 should+ 动词原形
were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形
should+ 动词原形
If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
d It is (high) time that
It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形,但should不可省略。
It is time that the children went to bed.
It is high time that the children should go to bed.
e It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形, should 可省略。
其他还有一些小语法 这里就不一一列举了。
希望能帮到你!