英语必修一
㈠ 高一英语必修一知识点总结
Unit 1
1. 词组： add up add up to add… to… add to
calm… down
have got to
be concerned about / with
walk the dog
cheat … of
go through go ahead go by
set down set up set off set out
a series of
on purpose by accident/ chance
in order to so as to in order that so as that
at sk at dawn at midnight at noon
face to face
no longer not … any longer
settle down
suffer from
recover from
get/ be tired of
make a list of list
pack… up
get along/ on with
fall in love
be grateful to sb. for sth.
join in take part in join attend
make sb/ sth + 宾语补足语
have something/ anything/ everything /nothing to do with
it’s because….. +原因
it’s why…. + 结果
dare + (to) do (实义动词)
do (情态动词)
a year and a half
it’s no pleasure+ doing sth
happen to do sth
have trouble with sb (in) doing sth
exactly
find it + adj. + to do sth
make friends with
swap … with
it is / was + 序数词 + that + has done / had done ….
unit 2
词组： because of
come up come up with come in come on come out
actually in fact as a matter of fact in reality
be based on
at present
make use of make full/ good use of
such as
play a part/ role in
recognize … as
more than one + 谓语用单数
at the end of in the end at an end
voyage tour travel journey
than ever before
even if / though
communicate with
those + 定语从句 用who
1600’s 1980s in + 物主代词 + 数字的复数 in his forties
the former the latter
a number of the number of
make sense
usage VS use
believe it or not
there is no such + 名词 （不加冠词）
the way + in which / that /省略
especially specially
straight adj/ adv
unit 3
词组： prefer to do , rather than do
would rather do , than do
would do , rather than do
fare VS fee
ever since
it’s is / has been + 时间段 + since 从句
graate from/ in
be fond of
cut across cut up cut down
care about care for
determine to do sth = be determined to do sth
change one’s mind make up one’s mind
at an altitude of
give in give up give off give out give away
keep pace with
as usual
bend over
take the advantage of
persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth
not to do sth/ out of doing sth
advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth
although though
grow up
insist on
put up put down put off put on put away
can hardly wait to do sth
bend over
take the advantage of
persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth
not to do sth/ out of doing sth
advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth
although though
grow up
insist on
put up put down put off put on put away
can hardly wait to do sth
unit 4
词组：right away at once immediately
burst into laughter/ tears
burst out doing sth
as if / though
in ruins
injure wound hurt
destroy damage
be trapped in
dig out
bury oneself in doing sth
rise raise arise
too… to
be away
it seems as if + 陈述语气/ 虚拟语气
act out
be pleased / willing/ glad to do sth
honor in honor of
be proud of
express my thanks to
unit 5
词组： of high/ good quality
devote to + doing
found VS set up
in principle
in peace
out of work in work out of control in control
vote for vote against
be equal to
in trouble
turn to turn on / off turn up / down
lose heart lose one’s heart
escape from / + doing sth
come to power / in power
be sentenced to
in one’s opinion
fight for / against
blow up
dream of/ about
imagine doing sth
the first time for the first time
语法点
1. whether VS if 的用法
2. tell sb to do sth ask sb not to do sth
3. be + doing 表将来
4. 定语从句： 只用that 的情况
只用who 的情况
只用which的情况
as VS which
the same … as / that…
such… as
as … as
介词+ which/ whom
which 引导一个句子的用法 非限制性定语从句
which 引导一个句子的用法 非限制性定语从句
插入语 I think I believe I guess I thought
间隔式定语从句
Is this car the one he bought last year?
Is this the car he bought last year?
What 的用法
5. will be done
be about to be done
be to be done
be going to be done
6. has/ have been done
7. be being done 加always 表示一种厌烦等语气
8. 强调句 it is + 被强调部分 + that 从句
It is not until + 时间 + that 从句
特殊疑问词 + is it that 从句
9. 倒装句 部分否定，含有否定词的 hardly never little only seldom 等， 把情态动词，be 动词， 助动词提到主语 的前面
10. as if , insist suggest request command ,从句用虚拟语气， 用（should） do 。
㈡ 人教版高中英语必修一课文
A Night the Earth didn’t Sleep Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds. At about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976, some people saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual the night.
At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Eleven kilometers directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had begun. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. One-third of the nation felt it. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. The suffering of the people was extreme. Two-thirds of them died or were injured ring the earthquake. Thousands of families were killed of injured reached more than 400,000.
But how could the survivors believe it was natural? Everywhere they looked nearly every thing was destroyed. All of the city’s hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow them away. Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for traveling. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were shocked. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
Reading
地球的一个不眠之夜
河北省东北部的农村不断有些怪事发生：三天来，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。农夫注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝，裂缝里冒出臭气。农家大院里的鸡,甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。鱼缸和池塘里的鱼会往外跳。在1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，有些人看到天上一道道明亮的光。即使天空没有飞机，在唐山城外也可以听到飞机声。在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
在凌晨3点42分，一切都开始摇晃起来。世界似乎到了末日！二十世纪最大的一次地震就在唐山市正下方11公里处发生了。100公里以外的北京市都感到了地震，全国1 / 3的地方都有震感。一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸气。石头山变成了泥沙河，在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。人们遭受的灾难极为深重。2/3的人在地震中死去或受伤。成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。死伤的人数达到40多万。
幸存的人们又怎么能相信这是自然现象呢？人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。所有的市内医院、75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园都消失了。残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地，然而它们是不可能被风刮走的。两座大坝垮了，多数桥梁不是塌了就是无法安全通行了。铁轨如今成了一条条废钢。好几万头牛再也挤不出奶来。50万头猪和几百万只鸡全都死了。井里满是沙子，而不是水。人们惊呆了。接着，在下午晚些时候，又一次和第一次一样的强烈的地震震撼着唐山。有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、电和食物都很难弄到。人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久。
不是所有的希望都破灭了。地震后不久，部队派了15万名战士到唐山来协助救援人员，数十万的人得到了救助。部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。在唐山市的北边，有一个万名矿工的煤矿，其中多数人得救了。援救人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所，用火车、卡车和飞机向市内运来了水。慢慢地、慢慢地，这座城市又开始出现了生机。
Elias’ Story My name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
I needed his help because I had very little ecation. I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.
The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was. When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could. He said:
“The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping out rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.”
It was the truth. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. They could not get the jobs they wanted. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. No one could grow food there. In fact as Nelson Mandela said:
“…we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government. We chose to attack the laws. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed…only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.”
As a matter of fact, I do not like violence… but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings. It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison. But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.伊莱亚斯的故事
我的名字叫伊莱亚斯。我是南非的一个穷苦的黑人工人。第一次见到纳尔逊·曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。（当时）我才12岁，那是在1952年，曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。他为那些穷苦黑人提供法律指导。他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。
由于我所受的教育很少，所以我需要他的帮助。我六岁开始上学，我仅仅在那里读了两年的学校有三公里远。我不得不辍学，因为我的家庭无法继续支付学费和交通费。我既不太会读，也不怎么会写。几经周折，我才在一家金矿找到一份工作。然而在那个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。糟糕的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我很担心我是不是会失业。
纳尔逊·曼德拉给予我帮助的那一天是我一生中最高兴的日子。他告诉我要想在约翰内斯堡立住脚，应当如何获取所需证件。我对自己的未来又充满了希望。我永远也忘记不了他对我的恩情，当他组织了非国大青年联盟时，我马上就参加了这个组织。他说：“过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。”
他说的是真话。当时黑人没有选举权，他们无权选择他们的领导人。他们不能做自己想要做的工作。他们所能住的城区都是由白人决定的。他们被打发去住的城外地区是南非最贫穷的地区。在那儿，没有人能够种庄稼。事实上，就像拉尔逊·曼德拉所说的：
“……我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。我们选择向法律进攻。首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律，而当这种方式也得不到允许时，……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。”
事实上，我并不喜欢暴力，……但是在1963年的时候，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。那是很危险的事情，因为如果我被抓住了，可能就会被关进监狱。但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。
㈢ 高一英语必修一单词表
必修1
Unit 1
△survey n. 调查；测验
add up 合计
upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的
vt. (upset, upset) 使不安；使心烦
ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视
calm vt. & vi. （使）平静；（使）镇定
adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的
calm(…)down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来
have got to 不得不；必须
concern vt. （使）担忧；涉及；关系到
n. 担心；关注 ；（利害）关系
be concerned about 关心；挂念
walk the dog 遛狗
loose adj. 松的；松开的
△vet n. 兽医
go through 经历；经受
△Amsterdam n. 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都）
Netherlands n. 荷兰（西欧国家）
△Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的
German adj. 德国的；德国人的；德语的
n． 德国人；德语
△Nazi n. 纳粹党人
adj. 纳粹党的
set down 记下；放下；登记
series n. 连续；系列
a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套
△Kitty n. 基蒂（女名）
outdoors adv. 在户外；在野外
△ spellbind vt. (spellbound, spellbound)
迷住；迷惑
on purpose 故意
in order to 为了……
sk n. 黄昏；傍晚
at sk 在黄昏时刻
thunder vi. 打雷；雷鸣
n．雷；雷声
entire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的
entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地
power n. 能力；力量；权力
face to face 面对面地
curtain n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布
sty adj. 积满灰尘的
no longer/not…any longer 不再……
partner n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人
settle vi. 安家；定居；停留
vt. 使定居；安排；解决
suffer vt. & vi. 遭受；忍受；经历
suffer from 遭受；患病
△loneliness n. 孤单；寂寞
highway n. 公路；大路
recover vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得
get/be tired of 对……厌烦
pack vi. & vt. 捆扎；包装；打行李
n. 小包；包裹
pack (sth) up 将（东西）装箱打包
suitcase n. 手提箱；衣箱
△Margot n. 玛戈（女名）
Overcoat n. 大衣；外套
teenager n. 十几岁的青少年
get along with 与……相处；进展
△gossip vi. & n. 闲话；闲谈
fall in love 相爱；爱上
exactly adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地
disagree vi. 不同意
grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的
dislike n. & vt. 不喜欢；厌恶
join in 参加；加入
tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费
vt. 倾斜；翻倒
△secondly adv. 第二；其次
swap vt. 交换
item n. 项目；条款
Unit 2
△subway n. 地下人行道；<美>地铁
elevator n. 电梯；升降机
petrol n. <英>汽油（=<美>gasoline）
gas n. 汽油；气体；煤气；毒气
official adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的
voyage n. 航行；航海
△conquer vt. 征服；占领
because of 因为；由于
native adj. 本国的；本地的
n. 本地人；本国人
△Amy n. 艾米（女名）
come up 走近；上来；提出
apartment n. <美> 公寓住宅；
单元住宅
actually adv. 实际上；事实上
AD 公元
base vt. 以……为根据
n. 基部；基地；基础
at present 现在；目前
graal adj. 逐渐的；逐步的
graally adv. 逐渐地；逐步地
Danish n. 丹麦语
adj. 丹麦的；丹麦人的；丹麦语的
△enrich vt. 使富裕；充实；改善
vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量；词表
△Shakespeare 莎士比亚（英国剧作家，诗人）
make use of 利用；使用
spelling n. 拼写；拼法
△Samuel Johnson 塞缪尔
㈣ 求高一英语必修一单词表，图片最好
Nelson Mandela 纳尔逊，
quality 质量，品质，性质
warm-hearted 热心肠的
mean 吝啬的，自私的，卑鄙的
active 积极的，活跃的
generous 慷慨的，大方的、
easy-going 随和的，温和宽容的
self 自我，自身
selfish 自私的，
selfless 无私的，忘我的
selflessly 无私地，忘我地
devote 献身 专心于
devoted 忠实的，深爱的
William 威廉，廷戴尔
Bible 《圣经》
Norman Bethune 白求恩
found 建立，建设
republic 共和国，共和政体
principle 法则，原则，原理
nationalism 民族主义
livelihood 生计，谋生
Mohandas Gandhi 甘地
peaceful 和平的，平静的，安宁的
giant 巨大的
leap 飞跃，跳跃
mankind 人类
Elias 伊莱亚斯
lawyer 律师
fee 费
passbook 南非人身份证
Johannesburg 约翰雷斯堡
out of work 失业
hopeful 怀有希望的
ANC 非洲国民大会
youth 青年，青春期
league 同盟，联合会
youth League 青年团
stage 舞台，阶段，时期
vote 投票选举
attack 进攻，攻击，抨击
violence 暴力
as a matter of fact 事实上
blow up 使充气，爆炸
in trouble 在危险，受罚，痛苦，忧虑事物处境中
willing 乐意的
unfair 不公平的
turn to 求助于，致力于
lose heart 丧失信心
robben island 罗本岛
escape 逃脱，逃走，泄露
blanket 毯子
ecate 教育，训练
ecated 受过教育的
come topower 当权，上台
beg 请求，祈求
relative 亲戚，亲属
terror 恐怖，恐怖时期
reward 报酬，酬劳
Transkei 特兰斯凯
set up 设立，建立
sentence 判决，宣判
be sentenced to 被判处..
anti-反，抗
anti-black 反黑人的
Cape Town 开普敦
president 总统，会长，校长
Nobel peace prize 诺贝尔和平奖
opinion 意见，看法，主张
㈤ 高一英语必修一语法
呵呵 希望对你有所帮助 祝楼主进步哈
一. 直接引语和间接引语
（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。
1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，等等。例如：
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化： 根据意义进行相应的变化，例如：
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,“These books are mine.”
→He said that those books were his.
（二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句，用连接词whether或if；如果是特殊疑问句，则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked，可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如：
She said,“Is your father at home?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引语如果是祈使句，改为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气（即请求或命令）加上ask, tell, order等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。其句型为：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如：
She said to us,“Please sit down.”
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,“Go away!”
→He ordered him to go away.
He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
二. 各种时态的被动语态
被动语态概述
被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被动语态的构成
被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下：
1. 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.
2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.
3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.
5. 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6. 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.
7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词
注意：
1．除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered.
2. 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.
3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等结构的谓语，其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如：
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4. 被动语态与系表结构的区别：“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构，与被动语态的形式完全一样，所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者，而后者则不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone.（被动结构）
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表结构）
系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰，被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。
例如：
He was very excited.（系表结构）
He was much excited by her words.（被动结构）
5. 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如：
These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。
The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。
The clothes wash well. 这些衣服很好洗。
㈥ 高一英语必修一单词表
必修1
Unit 1
△survey n. 调查；测验
add up 合计
upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的
vt. (upset, upset) 使不安；使心烦
ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视
calm vt. & vi. （使）平静；（使）镇定
adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的
calm(…)down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来
have got to 不得不；必须
concern vt. （使）担忧；涉及；关系到
n. 担心；关注 ；（利害）关系
be concerned about 关心；挂念
walk the dog 遛狗
loose adj. 松的；松开的
△vet n. 兽医
go through 经历；经受
△Amsterdam n. 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都）
Netherlands n. 荷兰（西欧国家）
△Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的
German adj. 德国的；德国人的；德语的
n． 德国人；德语
△Nazi n. 纳粹党人
adj. 纳粹党的
set down 记下；放下；登记
series n. 连续；系列
a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套
△Kitty n. 基蒂（女名）
outdoors adv. 在户外；在野外
△ spellbind vt. (spellbound, spellbound)
迷住；迷惑
on purpose 故意
in order to 为了……
sk n. 黄昏；傍晚
at sk 在黄昏时刻
thunder vi. 打雷；雷鸣
n．雷；雷声
entire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的
entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地
power n. 能力；力量；权力
face to face 面对面地
curtain n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布
sty adj. 积满灰尘的
no longer/not…any longer 不再……
partner n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人
settle vi. 安家；定居；停留
vt. 使定居；安排；解决
suffer vt. & vi. 遭受；忍受；经历
suffer from 遭受；患病
△loneliness n. 孤单；寂寞
highway n. 公路；大路
recover vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得
get/be tired of 对……厌烦
pack vi. & vt. 捆扎；包装；打行李
n. 小包；包裹
pack (sth) up 将（东西）装箱打包
suitcase n. 手提箱；衣箱
△Margot n. 玛戈（女名）
Overcoat n. 大衣；外套
teenager n. 十几岁的青少年
get along with 与……相处；进展
△gossip vi. & n. 闲话；闲谈
fall in love 相爱；爱上
exactly adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地
disagree vi. 不同意
grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的
dislike n. & vt. 不喜欢；厌恶
join in 参加；加入
tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费
vt. 倾斜；翻倒
△secondly adv. 第二；其次
swap vt. 交换
item n. 项目；条款
Unit 2
△subway n. 地下人行道；<美>地铁
elevator n. 电梯；升降机
petrol n. <英>汽油（=<美>gasoline）
gas n. 汽油；气体；煤气；毒气
official adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的
voyage n. 航行；航海
△conquer vt. 征服；占领
because of 因为；由于
native adj. 本国的；本地的
n. 本地人；本国人
△Amy n. 艾米（女名）
come up 走近；上来；提出
apartment n. <美> 公寓住宅；
单元住宅
actually adv. 实际上；事实上
AD 公元
base vt. 以……为根据
n. 基部；基地；基础
at present 现在；目前
graal adj. 逐渐的；逐步的
graally adv. 逐渐地；逐步地
Danish n. 丹麦语
adj. 丹麦的；丹麦人的；丹麦语的
△enrich vt. 使富裕；充实；改善
vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量；词表
△Shakespeare 莎士比亚（英国剧作家，诗人）
make use of 利用；使用
spelling n. 拼写；拼法
△Samuel Johnson 塞缪尔•约翰逊（英国作家，批评家）
△Noah Webster 诺厄•韦伯斯特（美国词典编纂家）
latter adj. 较后的；后半的；
（两者中）后者的
identity n. 本身；本体；身份
fluent adj. 流利的；流畅的
fluently adv. 流利地；流畅地
Singapore n. 新加坡（东南亚国家）
Malaysia n. 马来西亚（东南亚国家）；
马来群岛
such as 例如……；像这种的
frequent adj. 频繁的；常见的
frequently adv. 常常；频繁地
usage n. 使用；用法；词语惯用法
command n.& vt. 命令；指令；掌握
request n. & vt. 请求；要求
△dialect n. 方言
expression n. 词语；表示；表达
midwestern adj. 中西部的
有中西部特性的
African adj. 非洲的；非洲人的；非洲语言的
Spanish adj. 西班牙的；西班牙人的；西班牙语的
n．西班牙人；西班牙语
play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与
eastern adj. 东方的；东部的
southeastern adj. 东南方的；
来自东南的
morthwestern adj. 西北方的；
来自西北的
recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认
lorry n. <英>卡车（=<美>truck）
△Lori n. 罗丽（女名）
△Houston n. 休斯顿（美国城市）
△Texas n. 德克萨斯州（美国州名）
accent n. 口音；腔调；重音
△Buford n. 布福德（姓氏；男名）
△Lester n. 莱斯特（姓错；男名）
△catfish n. 鲶鱼
lightning n. 闪电
straight adv. 直接；挺直
adj. 直的；笔直的；正直的
block n. 街区；块；木块；石块
cab n. 出租车
Unit 3
journal n. 日记；杂志；定期刊物
transport n. 运送；运输
vt. 运输；运送
prefer vt. 更喜欢；选择某事物（而不选择其他事物）
disadvantage n. 不利条件；不便之处
fare n. 费用
△route n. 路线；路途
△Mekong n. 湄公河
flow vi. 流动；流出
n. 流动；流量
ever since 从那以后
persuade vt. 说服；劝说
cycle vi. 骑自行车
graate vi. 毕业
n. 大学毕业生
finally adv. 最后；终于
schele n. 时间表；进度表
vt. 为某事安排时间
fond adj. 喜爱的；慈爱的；宠爱的
be fond of 喜爱；喜欢
shortcoming n. 缺点
stubborn adj. 顽固的；固执的
organize vt. 组织；成立
care about 关心；忧虑；惦念
△detail n. 细节；详情
△source n. 来源；水源
determine vt. 决定；确定；下定决心
determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的
change one’s mind 改变主意
journey n. 旅行；旅程
altitude n. 海拔高度；高处
make up one’s mind 下决心；决定
give in 投降；屈服；让步
△atlas n. 地图；地图集
△glacier n. 冰河；冰川
△Tibetan adj. 西藏的；藏族的；
藏族人的
n. （西）藏语；西藏人；
藏族人
△rapids n. 急流
valley n. （山）谷；流域
△waterfall n. 瀑布
pace vi. 缓慢而行；踱步
n. 一步；速度；步调
bend n. 弯；拐角
vt. (bent, bent) 使弯曲
vi. 弯身；弯腰
△meander n. （指河流等）蜿蜒缓慢流动
△delta n. 三角洲
attitude n. 态度；看法
△Qomolangma n. 珠穆朗玛峰
boil vi. （指液体）沸腾；（水）开
forecast n. & vt. 预测；预报
parcel n. 小包；包裹
insurance n. 保险
wool n. 羊毛；毛织品
as usual 照常
reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的
view n. 风景；视野；观点；见解
vt. 观看；注视；考虑
△yak n. 牦牛
pillow n. 枕头；枕垫
midnight n. 午夜；子夜
at midnight 在午夜
flame n. 火焰；光芒；热情
beneath prep. 在……下面
△Laos n. 老挝（东南亚国家）
△Laotian n. 老挝人
adj. 老挝（人）的
temple n. 庙宇；寺庙
cave n. 洞穴；地窖
Unit 4
earthquake n. 地震
quake n. 地震
right away 立刻；马上
well n. 井
△crack n. 裂缝；噼啪声
vt. & vi. （使）开裂；破裂
△smelly adj. 发臭的；有臭味的
△farmyard n. 农场；农家
pipe n. 管；导管
burst vi. (burst, burst) 爆裂；爆发
n. 突然破裂；爆发
million n. 百万
event n. 事件；大事
as if 仿佛；好像
at an end 结束；终结
nation n. 民族；国家；国民
canal n. 运河；水道
steam n. 蒸汽；水汽
dirt n. 污垢；泥土
ruin n. 废墟；毁灭
vt. 毁灭；使破产
in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
suffering n. 苦难；痛苦
extreme adj. 极度的
injure vt. 损害；伤害
△survivor n. 幸存者；生还者；残存物
destroy vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭
brick n. 砖；砖块
dam n. 水坝；堰堤
track n. 轨道；足迹；痕迹
useless adj. 无用的；无效的；无益的
shock vt. & vi. （使）震惊；震动
n. 休克；打击；震惊
rescue n. & vt. 援救；营救
trap vt. 使陷入困境
n. 陷阱；困境
electricity n. 电；电流；电学
disaster n. 灾难；灾祸
dig out 掘出；发现
bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
mine n. 矿；矿山；矿井
miner n. 矿工
shelter n. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
a (great) number of 许多；大量的
title n. 标题；头衔；资格
reporter n. 记者
bar n. 条；棒；条状物
damage n. & vt. 损失；损害
frighten vt. 使惊吓；吓唬
frightened adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的
frightening adj. 令人恐惧的
congratulation n. 祝贺；（复数）贺词
judge n. 裁判员；法官
vt. 断定；判断；判决
sincerely adv. 真诚地；真挚地
express vt. 表示；表达
n. 快车；速递
outline n. 要点；大纲；轮廓
headline n. 报刊的大字标题
cyclist n. 骑自行车的人
Unit 5
△Nelson Mandela
纳尔逊•曼德拉（前南非共和国总统）
quality n. 质量；品质；性质
△warm-hearted adj. 热心肠的
mean adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的
active adj. 积极的；活跃的
generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的
△easy-going adj. 随和的
温和宽容的
self n. 自我；自身
selfish adj. 自私的
selfless adj. 无私的；忘我的
selflessly adv. 无私地；忘我地
devote vt. （与to连用）献身；专心于
devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的
△William Tyndale 威廉•廷代尔（英国早期新教改革者）
△Bible n. 《圣经》
△Norman Bethune 诺曼•白求恩
（加拿大胸外科医师）
△invader n. 侵略者
found vt. 建立；建设
republic n. 共和国；共和政体
principle n. 法则；原则；原理
△nationalism n. 民族主义；
国家主义
△livelihood n. 生计；谋生
△Mohandas Gandhi
莫罕达斯•甘地（印度国民大会党领袖）
peaceful adj. 和平的；平静的；安宁的
△giant adj. 巨大的；庞大的
△leap n. 飞跃；跳跃
mankind n. 人类
△Elias n. 伊莱亚斯（男名）
lawyer n. 律师
guidance n. 指导；领导
legal adj. 法律的；依照法律的
fee n. 费（会费、学费等）；酬金
△passbook n. 南非共和国有色人种的身份证
△Johannesburg n. 约翰内斯堡
（南非城市）
out of work 失业
hopeful adj. 怀有希望的；有希望的
△ANC 非国大；非洲人国民大会；非洲民族会议（African National Congress）
youth n. 青年；青年时期
league 同盟；联盟；联合会
Youth League 青年团
stage n. 舞台；阶段；时期
vote vt. & vi. 投票；选举
n. 投票；选票；表决
attack vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击
violence n. 暴力；暴行
as a matter of fact 事实上
blow up 使充气；爆炸
equal adj. 相等的；平等的
in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中
willing adj. 乐意的；自愿的
unfair adj. 不公正的；不公平的
turn to 求助于；致力于
△ quote n. 引用语；语录
△ release vt. 释放；发行
lose heart 丧失勇气或信心
△Robben Island 罗本岛
escape vi. 逃脱；逃走；泄露
blanket n. 毛毯；毯子
ecate vt. 教育；训练
ecated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的
come to power 当权；上台
beg vi. 请求；乞求
relative n. 亲戚；亲属
terror n. 恐怖；可怕的人；
恐怖时期；恐怖活动
cruelty n. 残忍；残酷
reward n. 报酬；奖金
vt. 酬劳；奖赏
△Transkei n. 特兰斯凯
（南非东南部一地区）
set up 设立;建立
sentence vt. 判决；宣判
be sentenced to 被判处……（徒刑）
anti-[前缀] 反；抗；阻
anti-black adj. 反黑人的
△Cape Town 开普敦（南非立法首都）
president n. 总统；会长；校长；行长
△Nobel Peace Prize 诺贝尔和平奖
opinion n. 意见；看法；主张