英語虛擬語氣
1. 關於英語虛擬語氣
^1:不是有without就得虛擬
這里其實省略了if
是if without your help,we ^^^^^^^^
這樣就理回解了吧
2:這樣的句答子太多了
i can not live without you.
2. 英語虛擬語氣
1.B。should have done表本應該做某事,言外之意是沒有做,所以是用虛擬語氣;而A是表示我們已經做了某事,和後面but轉折的語義不符;
2.A。語句翻譯為:我本來打算加入你們的,但是我的感冒使我沒辦法這么做。was to表將要,打算做某事,was過去時表過去那個時刻我打算這么做,而have done則是對過去將要做的事的虛擬。B表示過去打算加入,沒有虛擬語氣;C表過去已經加入,不對;D表過去希望加入,用了過去完成時,不能用來表虛擬語氣。
不知道這么講能不能明白,對你有幫助的話,記得採納哦~~~
3. 英語虛擬語氣用法
d
虛擬語氣,對過去虛擬,從句用過去完成時
虛擬語氣是一種動詞形式,表示說話人的一種願望,假設,懷疑,猜測, 建議等含義,虛擬語氣所表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實。
If I were you, I'd take them away.
如果我是你的話,我就會帶走他們。
If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him.
如果我碰見了李華,我就告訴了他了。
If I had time. I could come to help you.
如果我有時間,我會來幫助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups.
他建議說我們的班應該分成五個小組。
He speaks to us as if he had been there.
他給我們講的好象他去過那兒。
虛擬語氣的用法
1) 虛擬語氣用在簡單句中,表示祝願,命令。
May you be happy.
祝你幸福。
May you have a good time.
祝願你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long.
祝願我們的友情天長地久。
Have a good journey!
祝願你旅途愉快!
You go out!
你出去!
2) 虛擬語氣用在賓語從句中。動詞 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose,等詞後面的賓語從句表示的是一種虛擬語氣, 賓語從句中的動詞動作表示的只是一種願望,要求。
I wish she would be on my side.
我希望她能站在我一邊。
I wish I could help him.
我希望我能幫助他。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.
他堅持要我們大家想盡辦法按時去那兒。
動詞 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 後面的從句中,"should" 可以省略。
The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class.
老師建議我們課後把黑板擦了。
He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves.
他要求學生每周都要自己洗衣服。
3) 虛擬語氣用在主語從句中。
在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中,that 後面的從句中的謂語動詞用: should + 動詞原形
It's necessary that we should have a walk now.
我們有必要出去散散步。
It's natural that she should do so.
她這樣做是很自然的。
It's important that we should take good care of the patient.
重要的是我們要照顧好病人。
4) 虛擬語氣用在狀語從句中。
虛擬語氣最多地用在表示條件的狀語從句和表示結果的主句中。在表示與事實相反的虛擬語氣時,動詞有三種時態形式,即現在,過去和將來。
與現在事實相反的:
條件從句 結果從句
If I (we,you,he,they)+ 動詞過去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 動詞原形。 He (you,they) would + 動詞原形。
與過去事實相反的:
條件從句 結果從句
If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 過去分詞 I(we)should + have+ 過去分詞。He (you,they) would + have + 過去分詞。
If I were you, I should buy it.
如果我是你,我就買了它。
If I had time, I would study French.
如果我有時間,我會學習法語的。
If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.
如果她懂英語的話,她不會找我幫忙的。
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.
如果你早一點起床,就會趕上火車的。
If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping.
如果明天天氣好,我就去買東西。
有關虛擬語氣的幾個問題:
1) 有時if引導的狀語從句可以省略 if,而把從句中的動詞 were, had 或 should 移到主語前面。
Were she younger, she would do it .
如果她年青點, 她就會乾的。
Had he known her address, he would had gone to visite her.
如果他知道她的地址,他會去看她的。
2) 有時表示虛擬語氣的條件從句或者主句都可以省略,而只剩下一個主句或者一個條件從句。
I could help you.
我本來可以幫助你。
If I had time.
我要有時間該多好啊。
She should have come to the party.
她應該來參加聚會。
If he had much more money.
如果他有更多的錢就能...。
3) 虛擬語氣中,條件從句的動詞動作可以和主句的動詞動作時態不一致。
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.
如果他們以前努力學習的話,現在乾的就會容易些。
If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this.
如果他不聽取我的建議,他就不會幹得這樣好。
4. 英語虛擬語氣
這個句子不是虛擬語氣的結構。主句是一般過去時,從句是過去將來時。
5. 英語的虛擬語氣具體用法是什麼
① 表示與現在事實相反的情況:
主語+should/would/could/might+do+其他
if+主語+did/be(were)+其他
eg.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.
如果我是你,我會帶把傘。(事實:我不可能是你)
②表示與過去事實相反的情況
主語+should/would/could/might+have done+其他+if+主語+had done +其他
Eg.If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那兒,我就會見到她。(事實:去晚了)
③表示對將來情況的主觀推測(可能相反或可能性很小)
主語+should/would/could/might+do+其他,if+主語+did/should/were to do+其他
eg.If he should come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him.
如果他哪天來這兒的話,我就跟他談談。 (事實:來的可能性很小)
6. 英語中的虛擬語氣是什麼意思
來英語中的虛擬語自氣用來表示假象,而不表示客觀存在的事實,所說的是一個條件,而不一定是一個事實,或與事實想反。
虛擬語氣,通過位於動詞的特殊形式來表示。英語中的虛擬語氣分為陳述語氣,祈使語氣,虛擬語氣三類。
如:If I were a bird,I would be able to fly in a air.
如果我是只鳥,我就能在空中飛行。 事實是我並不可能變成一隻鳥。
7. 英語中的虛擬語氣
耐心地把這看完,你會對虛擬語氣有個透徹的了解。
第一部分:語氣的定義和種類
1 語氣(mood)
語氣是動詞的一種形式,表示說話人對某一行為或事情的看法和態度。
2 語氣的種類
⑴、陳述語氣:表示動作或狀態是現實的、確定的或符合事實的,用於陳述句、疑問句和某些感嘆句。如:
①There are two sides to every question.每個問題都有兩個方面。
②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙嗎?
③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老師啊!
⑵、祈使語氣:表示說話人對對方的請求或命令。如:
①Never be late again!再也不要遲到了。
②Don』t forget to turn off the light.別忘了關燈。
⑶、虛擬語氣:表示動作或狀態不是客觀存在的事實,而是說話人的主觀願望、假設或推測等。如:
①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一隻小鳥,我就能在空中飛行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通過考試。
③May you succeed!祝您成功!
虛擬語氣在語法里算得上是個難點。讓我們就從最簡單的開始吧。
第二部分:簡單句中的虛擬語氣
一、情態動詞的過去式用於現在時態時,表示說話人的謙虛、客氣、有禮貌、或委婉的語氣,常用於日常會話中。如:
⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?請你告訴我去郵局的路好嗎?
⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好別熬夜到很晚。
二、表祝願。
1、常用「may+動詞原形」表示祝願,但願,此時may須置於句首(多用於正式文體中)。
⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好運!
⑵、May you be happy!祝你快樂!
⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就!
⑷、May you have a good time. 祝願你玩的痛快。
⑸、May the friendship between us last long. 祝願我們的友情天長地久。
⑹、May you be happy. (注意那個be ) 祝你幸福。
2、用動詞原形。例如:
(1).Long live the people! 人民萬歲!
(2).「God bless you,」said the priest.牧師說:「願上帝保佑你!」
(3).Have a good journey! 祝願你旅途愉快!
三、表示強烈願望。(該類型虛擬語氣謂語僅用動詞原形,第三人稱單數也不加「s」)
(1).God save me.
(2).Heaven help us.
四、表命令
1.命令虛擬語氣只能用在第二人稱(you),而且通常省略主語(也就是you)。
2.句子尾通常加上感嘆號:!
3.虛擬語氣動詞用一般現在時態(Simple Present),如:work, be , go
4.否定形式的命令語氣,可用助動詞do,加上not。
(1). Work !
(2). Work harder !
(3). Be more alert ! (虛擬語氣動詞Be)
(4). You go out !
(5). Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虛擬語氣)
(6). Don't be afraid. (口語中常用don't 代替do not)
五、在一些習慣表達中。如:
(1).You』d better set off now.你最好現在就出發。
(2).I』d rather not tell you the secret.我情願不告訴你這個秘密。
第三部分:名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣
第一節:賓語從句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虛擬語氣
一、在動詞wish後的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
在動詞wish後的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣,常省去賓語從句的引導詞that。
一)、對現在情況的虛擬(與現在的事實相反):
從句用過去式或過去進行式(時間上是同時的)。其句子結構為:賓語從句的謂語be和were(was),實義動詞用過去式。例:
1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 動詞過去式knew)我希望知道這個答案。(事實上是不知道)
2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但願我的家鄉四季如春。(事實上不可能)
3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但願我是只小鳥。(事實上不可能)
4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,過去虛擬動詞were)(事實上並不在家)
5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,過去虛擬動詞understood)
現在他在中國,他希望能懂得中文。(事實上並不懂)
6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,過去虛擬動詞were)(事實上並不和我們在一起)
二)、對過去情況的虛擬(和過去的事實相反):
用wish表示對過去事情的遺憾。其句子結構為:賓語從句的謂語用過去完成時,或would, could, might+現在完成時。例:
1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I hadn't wasted so much time.
我後悔不該浪費這么多時間。(事實上已浪費了)
2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance.
他真希望沒有失去機會。(其實已失去)
3. We wished he had spoken to us.
(wished,had + spoken)(事實上他並沒同我們講)
4. I wish you had called earlier.
(wish, had + called)(事實上已遲了)
5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.
(will wish,had + listened)(事實上並不如此)
例題分析:I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept
動詞wish後面接從句,表達不可能實現或與事實相反的情況時,謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣,即用過去式(表示現在發生的動作)或過去完成式(表示過去發生的動作)。本題後半句謂語動詞have用的是過去時had
to get up and come, 所以前面要用過去完成時表示過去發生的動作。所以, 選項A)could have slept是答案
三)、對將來情況的虛擬(表示將來的主觀願望):
從句動詞"would/should/could/might + 動詞原形"(時間上較後)(請注意:主句和從句的主語不相同)。用wish表示對將來事情的願望。例:
1. I wish it would stop raining.(虛擬動詞would+動詞原形stop)
我希望雨能停止。(事實上雨還在下著呢)
2. I wish you would be quiet.(would + be)
我希望你安靜一些。(事實上那傢伙還在吵著呢)
3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive)
你希望她第二天會到。(事實上她還沒到)
4. I wish she would change her mind.(would + change)
我希望她會改變主意。(呵呵,女孩子可沒那麼容易就改變主意喔)
5. He will wish we would join him the following week.(would + join)
(只是希望我們和他在一起,實際上還沒在一起)
四)、注意:
1.如果將wish改為過去式wished, 其後that 從句中的動詞形式不變。例如:
I wished I hadn't spent so much money.
我要是那時沒有花掉那麼多錢就好了。
2. 如果that 從句中用would , 一般表示對現狀不滿或希望未來有所改變或請求
I wish he would answer my letter.
I wish prices would come down.
I wish you would help me.
I wish you would stop asking silly questions.
二、在表示建議、命令、要求、忠告等動詞的後面的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
由於這些動詞本身隱含說話者的主觀意見,認為某事應該或不應該怎樣,這些詞語後面的「that」從句應用虛擬語氣,且均以「should+動詞原形」表示這種語氣,但事實上「should」常被省略,故此從句中謂語動詞用原形,常用的此類動詞有:
表示「要求」的:ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg
表示「提議、勸告、建議」的:move, prpose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote
表示「決定、命令」的:decide, order
表示「主張」的:maintain, urge
表示「同意、堅持」的:consent, insist
例如:
1.The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.
2.He insisted that we (should ) tell him the news.
3.When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, 「The razor and water do the job. 」(當我建議他用刮鬍膏時,他說「剃刀和水就行了」。)
4.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. (他費了幾天功夫尋找理論根據,直到我建議拆開看看它是如何轉動的。)
5.One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an English
8. 英語虛擬語氣用法,謝謝大家
你好。
您說的第一種由without, but, but for, but that, otherwise等引導的虛擬條件句為「含蓄虛擬條件句」,也就是說他沒有明顯的版像if這樣權表達假設的含義,表達的比較含蓄。
比如:Without water or air, nothing could live.這個句子為典型的含蓄虛擬條件句。
可以轉換為if引導的非真實條件句
=If there were no water or air, nothing could live.
因此可以理解為「含蓄虛擬條件句」中主句的謂語動詞形式和if引導的非真實條件句中主句的謂語動詞形式是一致的,由時間決定。
即
與現在事實相反,用would/could...+動詞原形
與過去事實相反,用would+had+動詞的過去分詞。
而as if/though引導的是狀語從句,所以其後的謂語動詞變化應該和if引導的非真實條件句中從句的變化形式一致。
也就是
與現在事實相反,用did/were
與過去事實相反,用had done
希望這樣解釋能夠幫助你記憶虛擬語氣的動詞變化形式,望採納,謝謝。
9. 英語虛擬語氣
1)在虛擬語氣的從句中,動詞'be'的過去時態一律用"were",不用was, 即在從句中be用were代替。
If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你,就會去找他。
2)用 if you were me
What would you do if you were me? 如果你是我,你會怎麼做?
3)was主要用在It『s time結構中,在該用was的時候不能用were
eg It』 time I was in bed 。 我該上床睡覺了。(這里不能用were)
4)一些用法 :
a. 同現在事實相反的假設。
句型 : 條件從句 主句
一般過去時 should( would) +動詞原形
If they were here, they would help you.
b. 表示於過去事實相反的假設。
句型: 條件從句 主句
過去完成時 should(would) have+ 過去分詞
If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
c. 表示對將來的假想
句型: 條件從句 主句
一般過去時 should+ 動詞原形
were+ 不定式 would + 動詞原形
should+ 動詞原形
If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
d It is (high) time that
It is (high) time that 後面的從句謂語動詞要用過去式或用should加動詞原形,但should不可省略。
It is time that the children went to bed.
It is high time that the children should go to bed.
e It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…結構中的主語從句的謂語動詞要用should 加動詞原形, should 可省略。
其他還有一些小語法 這里就不一一列舉了。
希望能幫到你!