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英语的动名词

发布时间: 2021-07-31 17:51:48

⑴ 请问“动名词”等词的英文怎么

动名词:Gerund,不定式:Infinitive,分词:Participle,非谓语动词:Non predicate verb。

缩写:ger. infin. p.p=past participle

动名词是动词ing形式的一种,兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰,动名词有时态和语态的变化。英语中的动名词是由动词变化而来。

非谓语动词:可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语;可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语;可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。


带有逻辑主语

的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格,这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词(名词所有格)是逻辑上的主语,动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。

在口语中,如果动名词复合结构作宾语,其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格,名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替,但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。

以上内容参考:网络-动名词

⑵ 英语中什么是动名词

关于动抄名词,语法书是这样说的
动名词是非谓动词的又一种形式。它在形式上与现在分词相同,都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。在现代语法中,这两种形式同视为"-ing形式"。 这两种形式的另一个相同之处是:它们都是由动词变化而成的,它们都保留了动词的某些特征,它们都能带自己的宾语、状语,而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。
swimming

⑶ 英语的动名词

B。be
good
at
doing
sth.为固定用法。其实应该这样说比较确切,在介词(如这题的at)后的动词应该用其动名词,即-ing形式。当然,特殊动词的-ing形式应该熟记~~~

⑷ 动名词的英语

英语中的动名词是由动词变化而来,它仍一方面保留着动词的某些特征,具有动词的某些变化形式,用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念,另一方面动名词在句子的用法及功能与名词类同:在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者用来支配宾语。但它没有时态变化而只有"式"的变化,分为一般式和完成式。

例如:They run into constant discrimination in trying to find a job or friend.

在寻找工作和结交朋友方面,他们不断地受到歧视。

Living in digs means having one room in someone's house.

寄居的意思是在别人的家里借住一间房间。

附:动名词用法口诀:

动名词口诀
动名词常泛指,句法作用宾/表/定与主,

时态/语态之形式,一般/完成/被动式。

Being done 系被动,不含任何进行意。

用作主语请留意,常用it作形式主语,

不指未来发生事,表达的信息系已知。

用作表语请记清,作用相当一名词,

检验方法很简单,主与表换位能成立。

用作定语也易辩,表示名词之用途。

用作宾语稍复杂,关键留意谓语动词

(跟动名词作宾语的常用动词附后),

时态同谓动作比较,先于谓动用完成式,

其逻辑主语不固定,在句中/句外均有之。

否定式其前加not,复合式其前加物主词,

非句首宾格词也可用,尤其口语中更如此。

说明:1、主-----主语2、宾-----宾语 3、表------表语 4、定------定语 5、谓动---谓语动词

常见题型
1) 动名词做主语时,谓语动词为单数

2) 在动名词和不定式中,作为介词的宾语是动名词

3) 动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语

例:

I wouldappreciate_______ back thisafternoon.

A.you to call B.you call C.you calling D.you’re calling(Key:C;换成your calling也对)

4) 有些词后面只能接动名词

⑸ 什么是英语的动名词

英语的动名词,就是doing,也就是动词的ing形式。在句子中可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补足语等等。
例如,Running is good for your health. 跳步有益于你健康。
His work is cleaning the windows.
他的工作是擦窗子。
I like watching TV.
我喜欢看电视。
Jim saw the man walking around the corner.
吉姆看见那个人走过拐角。

⑹ 英语中动名词和名词有什么区别

一、定义不同

1、动名词:动名词,指的是动词ing形式的一种,兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。英语中的动名词是由动词变化而来。

2、名词:名词(Noun,简称n.),是词类的一种,属于实词,名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称,名词同时也分为专有名词和普通名词。

二、使用方式不同

1、动名词:动名词可以保留原动词的各种用法,例如可以带宾语、表语、状语等。

例如:They run into constant discrimination in trying to find a job or a friend.在寻找工作和结交朋友方面,他们不断遇到歧视。

Living in digs means having one room in someone's house.寄居的意思是在别人的家里借助一间房间。

2、名词:表示具体的人,事物,地点,团体或机构的专有名称(第一个字母要大写)。 例:China(中国)、Asia(亚洲)、Beijing(北京)、the People’s Republic Of China(中华人民共和国)。专有名词如果含有名词短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如:the Great Wall(长城)。

姓氏名如果采用复数的形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义)。如:the Greens(格林一家人)。

三、语法不同

1、动名词:动名词在句子的用法及功能与名词类同:在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者用来支配宾语。但它没有时态变化而只有"式"的变化,分为一般式和完成式。

2、名词:英语名词有三个格,即主格、宾格和所有格。其中个体名词表示某类人或东西中的个体,如girl(女孩)。

⑺ 英语的动名词有哪些规律

6. 动名词

概述
6.1 动名词作主语、宾语和表语
6.2 worth 的用法

6.1 动名词作主语、宾语和表语

1)作主语

Fighting broke out between the South and the North.

南方与北方开战了。

2)作宾语

a. 动词后加动名词doing作宾语 V. + doing sth

admit 承认appreciate 感激,赞赏avoid 避免

complete 完成 consider 认为 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 enre 忍受enjoy 喜欢escape 逃脱 prevent阻止

fancy 想象finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone 推迟 practise 训练 recall 回忆 resent 讨厌resist 抵抗 resume 继续 risk 冒险

suggest 建议face 面对 include 包括stand 忍受understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 keep 继续

举例:

(1)Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?

(2)The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.

b. 词组后接doing

admit to prefer…tobe used to lead todevote oneself to object tostick to busylook forward to(to为介词)

no good,no use,It's worth…, as well as,

can't help,It's no use /good be tired of

be fond of be capable of be afraid of

be proud of think of / about hold off

put off keep on insist oncount on / upon

set about be successful in good attake up

give upburst outprevent … from…

3)作表语

Her job is washing,cleaning and taking care of the children.

⑻ 英语中动名词怎么用(要详细讲解)

如果碰到两个单词都是动词的
后者就要变成动名词
动名词
be
+
动名词表示正在进行的动作

⑼ 英语中的动名词是什么意思呢

英文语法拉杂谈--动名词

作者:kohtp

谈谈动名词(GERUND)

你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun);但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗?

在还没谈动名词之前,让我们先看看下面的句子:

1.The girl is singing a song.
2.The girl singing now is my sister.
3.Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好).

三个句子中都有singing。第一个句子的singing是常见的现在进行式(Present
Continuous),是说眼下正在做什么;第二个句子的singing是现在分词(Present
Participle),它把sing这个动词转为形容词,但仍有动词的成份(哈哈,这么一说,
要把你搞晕了吧 :-) 。关于分词,以后有空再谈吧,OK?)。好戏在后头,你看看第
三个句子的singing到底是什么东东呀?原来就是我们的主角动名词(Gerund)了!你
看,sing原本是个动词,可是现在它加上ing后,看来竟像是一个名词了。怎么,好玩
吧?

因此记住,不要以为一个动词加上ing后都是现在进行式呀!动名词可分为两大类:

一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund)

Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article,如 the)或不定冠词
(Indefinite article,如 a, an),其他可加在动名词前的还有如:my, this, some,
any, all, no 等等。举例如下:

1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring.
(singing前加定冠词 the及形容词mellow;coming 前加 the)

2.We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in
the bushes.
(rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词 faint)

从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词;但它和真正的名词还是有区别的,那
就是没有单数或复数之分。不过,有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔,如:

saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading, feeling, being,
saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding 等等。它们都可以有复数的喔,
方法就是在它们的后面加个s,如:paintings。

二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund)

看看下面的句子:

Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher.

上面的句子里的writing是动名词,但前面有副词carelessly(粗心地),后面又有受
词(Object) essays。因此writing就有动词的特征。

注意:Verbal Gerund 这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the, a, an ...)喔。

好,今天就谈到这里,更多关于动名词的事下回再谈。如果诸位不怕头晕的,请再来试
试,嘿嘿!

谈谈动名词(Gerund)(二)

动名词的功能与用法

一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(SubjectComplement):

1.1作主语

1. Listening to music gives me pleasure.(主语Listening )
2. Running is good exercise. (主语running)
3. Walking to school is a good idea.(主语walking)

1.2 作主语的补语

1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (补语sleeping)
2. Seeing is believing. (主语seeing, 补语believing)

1.3主语置于句尾

1.3.1 用 It + be + ... +v-ing 句型

1. It is fun speaking English.
2. It is of great importance fighting against pollution(污染).

1.3.2用 It is 后接 no use. no good, fun 等的句型

1. It is no use learning theory without practice.
2. It is no fun being lost in rain.

1.3.3用 It is 后接 useless, nice, good, interesting, worthwhile 等的句型

1. It is worthwhile taking this into consideration.

1.3.4 用 There + be + no + v-ing 的句型

1. There is no joking about such matters.
2. There is no getting along with him. (简直无法与他相处)

如何?感到头晕了吗?不怕的再来吧。再见。

谈谈动名词(Gerund)(三)

二、动名词也可以作宾语(Object)

2.1作动词/动词短语的宾语(置于动词或动词短语的后面)

1. I cannot help laughing. (我禁不住笑了起来)(宾语laughing)
2. You should avoid quarrelling with your sister.(宾语quarrelling)
3. You should practice speaking English more.(宾语speaking)

注意:上面三个句子中的动词:help, avoid, practice 只能用动名词作宾语。这类
动词还有:
dislike 厌恶 admit 接受repent 后悔acknowledge 承认
enjoy 享受 escape避免deny 否认postpone 延迟
resent 怨恨mind 介意 miss 错过risk 冒风险
finish 完成avoid 避免delay 耽误 consider 认为
fancy 想象 excuse 原谅 include 包括 imagine 想象
resist 抵制suggest 建议 ……
还有短语类:
keep (on)继续 don't mind 不介意 cannot help 不禁 give up 放弃
put off 延迟leave off 停止burst out 闯出……

再请注意:有一些动词除了可接动名词外,也可接不定词(infinitive)。例子如下:

1. I prefer livingin an apartment. (动词prefer接动名词 living)
2. I prefer to live in an apartment. (动词prefer接不定词 to live)

像上面两个句子的意思没什么不同。如 prefer 这一类的动词还有:

allow deserveneglect attempt
fearomit begin hate
permitbother intendcease
likerecommendcontinuelove
start stop forgetregret
propose trycontinueremember
need……

其实如hate, love, like之类动词,接动名词和接不定词的句子,意思是会有些不
同的,这就留给大家去研究吧,hihi……

2.2作介词(Preposition)的宾语(Object)

1. I'm sorry for giving you so much trouble. (介词for,宾语giving)
2. The book is worth reading. (介词worth, 宾语reading)
3. I reached him by calling his office. (介词by, 宾语calling)
4. The police arrested(逮捕)him for speeding. (介词for, 宾语speeding)

注意:在下列的句子结构中,介词 in 被省略掉:

1. She is busy (in) correcting her exercises.
2. He spent two hours (in) reading book.
3. There is no use (in) talking with him now.
4. Is it any good (in) taking cold water baths?

2.3 作"名词+介词"的宾语

请看下列的句子:

1. I have the pleasure of speaking to the famous author. (pleasure of + 宾
语speaking)
2. He takes a great interest in studying languages. (interest in + 宾语
studying)

这一类"名词+介词"的还有:

danger offear ofobjection to
delight to habit of opportunity for /of
excuse for experience inlove in
reason for ……

好了,好了,看到这里,你是不是需要一点风油呢?呵呵!Gerund还没谈完呢,再会
吧。

谈谈动名词(Gerund)(四)

三、句子中动名词的逻辑主语(Implied Subject)

什么是动名词的逻辑主语呢?在句子中,除了原有的主语之外,属于动名词的"主语
",也就称为"逻辑主语",一般位于动名词的前面。

3.1在动名词前加"物主代词(如:my, his...)"或"名词所有格(如:Mary's,
Dog's...)"

1. His coming here helped us a lot. (主语/逻辑主语his, 动名词coming)
2. Tom's escaping from the prison made trouble for the jailer.(主语/逻辑主
语Tom,动名词escaping)

3.2作宾语(Object)的动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,在动名词前加"物主代词"或"名
词所有格"

1. Do you mind my smoking in the romm? (逻辑主语my, 动名词smoking)
2. He insisted on Mary's staying there.(逻辑主语Mary, 动名词staying)

注意:作为逻辑主语的名词/代词为无生命时,则用通格(of the):

1.I cannot say there is no fear of the news spreading among intimate
friends. (逻辑主语news)

3.3在下列情况中,不能使用所有格:

3.3.1 代词为 all, both, each, few, several, some, this 等作为逻辑主语时:

1. I remember all of them saying it .

3.3.2数词、名词化形容词(如 the three, the old...)作逻辑主语时:

1. In spite of the three telling the same story, I could not believe
it.

3.3.3结构中的逻辑主语是名子或短语,或受从句或短语修饰时:

1. Is there any chance of the people in the back of the room talking
a little louder?

真是烦死人了!还好,"动名词"最难的一关要算是"逻辑主语"了。如果你闯过后,接下
来的就轻松得多了。哈哈……

谈谈动名词(Gerund)(五)

四、动名词的语态

4.1被动式(being + v-ed)

当动名词的逻辑主语所表示的是动作的对象时,动名词要用被动语态。

1. He dislikes being interrupted(被打岔) in his speech.
2. They couldn't stand being treated(被对待) like that.

4.2完成式 (having + v-ed)

动名词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,要用完成式。

1. We regret having been unable to inform you of the meeting.
2. The students' having done(完成) the work so well made us very happy.

4.3完成式的被动语态 (having been + v-ed)

1.I heard of his having been chosen(被选为) to be the coach of the team.
2.Some of our customers complained of having been treated(被对待)
rudely.

4.4在动词 need, want, require, deserve 之后的动名词(作为宾语),要用主动
语态来表示被动的意思。

1. The flowers in the garden want watering(需要浇水).
2. That's one of those questions that really don't need answering(不需回
答).

五、作定语 (Attribute)

动名词放在所修饰的名词前面作为定语,表示该名词的用途或有关的动作。

1. sleeping car 卧车
2. walking stick 手杖
3. printing shop 印务馆
4. reading room 阅读室
5. swimming pool泳池
6. washing machine洗衣机
7. dining room饭厅

六、在英文正式语体里,动名词可放在前置词(Preposition)后,以替代副词/状语的子
句(Adverbial Clauses)

例:1. In case customers encounter difficulties, they should ring the
following number:...
2.In case of encountering difficulties, customers should ring the
following number:...

第二个句子的"In case of "动名词短句(Gerund Phrase) 取代第一个句子的 "In
case" 副词子句。

下列都是这类例子:

1.In spite of doing his best, the pupil was reproached. (In spite of )
2.Despite coming in time, the visitors were not admitted.(despite)
3.For all his arguing, the teacher could not convince us. (for all)
4.The fireman distinguished himself by doing his ty to the utmost. (by)
5.In sending us the book you proved to be reliable. (In)
6.Instead of blaming the boy, the teacher encouraged him. (instead of )
7.The girl left without saying a word. (without)
8.The boy was blamed for breaking the window. (for)
9.The children got tired from learning too much.(from)
10. After spending the holidays with us, our nephew went back to England.
(after)
11. Before going to bed, I opened the window.(before)
12. On arriving at the station, John was welcomed by his friends. (on)
13. Since leaving school, I have not seen my teacher. (since)

关于动名词终于谈完了,呜呼噫嘻……

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