英語被動語態講解
『壹』 通俗易懂的被動語態講解
一般都是Be動詞提前表被動,然後動詞變成過去式。
被動語態,在漢語中就是我被怎著了,後面全部跟過去分詞,不管時態怎麼變,全部是be 怎麼著了。
結構如下:be+動詞的過去分詞有時態的變化
一般現在時 be(am is are)+動詞的過去分詞
一般過去時 be (was were)+動詞的過去分詞
一般將來時shall will +be+ 動詞的過去分詞
現在進行時 be(am is are)+being+ 動詞的過去分詞
現在完成時have has been+ 動詞的過去分詞
can\may\must\should\+be+ 動詞的過去分詞
不定式的被動結構 to+be+動詞的過去分詞
eg :there are a lot of work to be done today
短語動詞的被動結構 動詞+介詞
eg:they have sent for a doctor====a doctor has been sent for (現在完成時)
動詞+副詞被動語態由「助動詞be,及物動詞的過去分詞」構成。人稱、數和時態的變化是通過be的變化表現出來的。
一、被動語態的用法
(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰。
(2)強調動作的承受者,而不強調動作的執行者。
二、主動語態變被動語態的方法
(1)把主動語態的賓語變為被動語態的主語。
(2)把謂語變成被動結構(be,過去分詞) (根據被動語態句子里的主語的人稱和數,3)把主動語態中的主語放在介詞by之後作賓語,將主格改為賓格。
最常用的有三種,第一,找賓語. 用橫線劃出主語,用波浪線劃出謂語動詞,用括弧括出賓語。賓語的出現一目瞭然。把賓語作為被動語態中的主語。
第二 找到be.分兩小步進行a) 看原句的時態,一般現在時用am / is/ are,過去時用was/ were, 一般將來時用will/ shall現在完成時用have/ has been,情態動詞用can/ must/ may be b)看改成被動語態的主語的單,復數。結合a 來選擇相應的be。
第三,把動詞的過去分詞放到be的後面,然後將其他成分落下,by某人不妨放到最後。
英語被動語態基本構成公式: be + 實義動詞的過去分詞。
1、一般現在時:am/is/are+given
2、一般過去時:was/were+given
3、一般將來時:will/shall be+given
4、過去將來時:would be+given
5、現在進行時:am/is/are being+given
6、過去進行時:was/were being+given
7、現在完成時:has/have been+given
8、過去完成時:had been+given
9、將來完成時:will/shall have been+given
英語中被動語態的構成不僅僅需要在實義動詞前添加詞語, 還需要 實義動詞的參與:該實義動詞要變成其過去分詞的形式。
提示: 只有實義動詞中的及物動詞才有被動語態的構成形式, 不及物動詞沒有被動語態的構成形成
中文句中的動詞不區分為謂語動詞和非謂語動詞, 但是英語句中的動詞有謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的區分, 也因英語中的被動語態結構有兩種形式: 謂語動詞的被動語態和非謂語動詞的被動語態。
(2)英語被動語態講解擴展閱讀
1、am 、is、are 是be動詞在一般現在時態下的三種變化形式;
2、was、were是be動詞在一般過去時態下的兩種變化形式;
3、"has/have + 動詞過去分詞"是現在完成時態的構成形式。
被動語態的構成結構中一定要有助動詞be和實義動詞的過去分詞,為了滿足現在完成時態的構成要求,助動詞變成過去分詞(been),與has/have構成現在完成時態。
同時be動詞(此時已經變成過去分詞been)與實義動詞的過去分詞構成被動語態,因此has/have been done既體現了現在完成時態的時態意義又表達出了被動意義,形成了現在完成完成時態的被動語態結構。
『叄』 英語的被動語態講解,及試題
一、什麼是被動語態?
英語中時態很多,但語態不多,只有兩種,即:主動語態和被動語態。所謂「被動語態」,相當於中文中常說的「被……」、「由……」的句式,如:「他的自行車被偷了。」,「這座樓房是由他們建造的。」
二、被動語態的結構
那麼,英語中被動語態是怎麼樣構成的呢?請看下面的例句(注意劃線部分):
His bicycle was stolen.
The building has been built in 2000.
通過上面的例句,可以看出,「被動語態」的構成是:
be + 過去分詞 + (by+動作執行者)
三、被動語態的運用
什麼情況下要用被動語態呢?一般地說,有下面幾種情況:
(1) 不知道誰是動作的執行者或沒有必要。例如:
Paper is made from wood. (紙是由木材生產出來的。)
The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. (這座房子太舊了。它是1950年建成的。)
He was wounded in the fight. (他在戰斗在受傷了。)
Electricity is used to run machines. (電是用來開動機器的。)
(2) 需要強調動作的對象時。例如:
Calculator can't be used in the maths exam.
(計算器不能用於數學考試。)
Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away. (閱覽室的書籍和報紙不準帶走。)
He was awarded first prize in that contest.
(他在比賽中獲得了第一。)
(3)為了使語氣婉轉,避免提到是誰做的這件事。例如:
The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. (新實驗室必須在下個月底前完工。)
四、各種時態的被動語態舉例
一般地講,被動語態可用於英語的各種時態。為了能准確地運用被動語態,重點是要掌握be動詞的各種時態變化。各種時態的被動語態舉例如下:
1、 一般現在時的被動語態. am / is / are + 動詞的過去分詞
Our classroom is cleaned every day.
This car is made in China.
2、一般過去式的被動語態: was / were + 動詞的過去分詞
His desk was cleaned just now.
The station was built in 1928.
3、現在進行時的被動語態: am / is / are + being + 動詞的過去分詞
A new factory is being built in our city now.
Some trees are being cut down in the park.
4、過去進行時的被動語態: was / were + being + 動詞的過去分詞
A new factory was being built in our city at that time.
Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.
5、一般將來時的被動語態:
(A) will / shall + be + 動詞的過去分詞
(B) am / is / are + going to be +動詞的過去分詞.
Some new factories will be built in our city this year.
Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.
6、過去將來時的被動語態: (1).would / should + be + 動詞的過去分詞 (2).was / were +going to be + 動詞的過去分詞.
She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.
He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.
7、現在完成時的被動語態:have / has + been + 動詞的過去分詞
Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.
Your watch has been mended already.
8、過去完成時的被動語態:had + been + 動詞的過去分詞
He said that some new factories had been built in the city.
I didn』t know that my watch had been mended .
9、含情態動詞的被動式:can/may/must + be + done
例如:He can not be found. / I must be paid for this.
五、如何將主動語態變成被動語態
1、從句子意義上說,就是重新找出「什麼事物」是「被完成」的。
例1.
主動語態:人們說英語。People speak English in many countries.
被動語態:英語被說。English is spoken in many countries..
例2.
主動語態:我們造這座橋。We built this bridge last year.
被動語態:這座橋被建造。This bridge was built last year.
2、從語法的角度說,把原句的賓語改成主語。
例1.
主動語態:小王邀請你(賓語) Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.
被動語態:你(賓語)被邀請。 You has been invited to a lunch party by Xiao Wang.
例2.
主動語態:你不準帶走雜志(賓語) You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.
被動語態:雜志(賓語)不準被帶走.These magazines must not be taken out of the reading room.
例3.
主動語態:他們授給他(賓語)一枚獎章(賓語).They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.
被動語態:他(賓語)被授予一枚獎章. He was given a medal for his wonderful work.
被動語態:一枚獎章(賓語)被授給了他.A medal was given to him for his wonderful work.
六、練習
1.We shall discuss the problem at tomorrow's meeting.
(提示) the problem -be - discuss
2.Has anybody fed the birds?
(提示) Has anybody - be - feed
3.People will never forget the accident.
(提示) the accident - will be - forget
4.They are repairing the car in the garage.
(提示) the car - be being - repair
5.Someone must have turned on the light without your notice.
(提示) the light - must have - be - turn on
6.They have found ways to make waste water clean.
7.Someone must take care of the children when we go out.
8.They won't hold the meeting until next Friday.
9.You may write this letter in pencil.
10.They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.
被動語態復習 ABC
A.熟記結構
被動語態的結構為「助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞(p.p)」。被動語態的不同時態是通過be的時態變化來表示的,其人稱和數方面應與主語保持一致。其具體變化為:
一般現在時:am/is/are+p.p.
一般過去時:was/were+p.p.
一般將來時:shall /will be +p.p.
現在完成時:have /has been +p.p.
現在進行時:am/is/are+being+p.p.
過去將來時:should /would be +p.p.
含情態動詞的被動結構:情態動詞+be+p.p.例如:
① Chinese ______ by the largest number of people.
A.speak
B.is speaking
C.speaks
D.is spoken
(選D。考查一般現在時的被動語態)
② The boy ______ to get supper ready after school.
A.were told
B.is telling
C.was told
D.tells
(選C。考查一般過去時的被動語態)
③ A lot of new roads ______ built in the west of China.
A.must
B.must be
C.has
D.have
(選B。考查含情態動詞的被動語態)
B.明確用法
被動語態常用於以下兩種情況:
1.不知道誰是動作的執行者,或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執行者;
2.強調動作的承受者。例如:
這棵樹是那個男孩弄斷的。
The tree ______ ______ by that boy.
(填was broken)
C.熟練轉換
1.將主動語態變被動語態的基本方法為:
①將主動語態的賓語作被動語態的主語;
②謂語動詞變為「be+及物動詞的過去分詞」,並通過be的變化來表達出不同的時態;
③主動語態的主語變為介詞by的賓語,組成介詞短語放在被動結構中的謂語動詞之後。(有時by短語可以省略)。
2.被動語態的一般疑問句是將一個助動詞置於主語之前;否定句是在第一個助動詞後加not;特殊疑問句的語序為:疑問詞+一般疑問句。例如:
① You must throw the broken pottery away at once.
The broken pottery ______ ______ ______ ______ at once.(同義句)
(填m ust be thrown away)
② Where did they grow vegetables?(改為被動語態)
Where ______ vegetables ______ ?(填were;grown)
參考一下
『肆』 講解被動語態,詳細一點,
語態是動詞的一種形式,它表示主語和謂語的關系。語態有兩種:主動語態和被動語態。如果主語是動作的執行者,或者是說動作是由主語完成的,要用主動語態;如果主語是動作的承受者,或者是說動作不是由主語而是由其他人完成的,則用被動語態。 英語中的被動語態使用得比漢語要多,要普遍,許多課本乃至實際應用中都常常涉及到這個問題。一般說來,當強調動作承受者,不必說出執行者或含糊不清的執行者時,多用被動式。須注意的是,許多地方與漢語不同。注意那些漢語中沒有"被……"的意思,英語卻應該用被動態。還要注意,英語的被動態往往由"by"引出,而有用介詞"by"的短語往往又不是被動態,而是系表結構。還有些特殊現象,如:known to man(人類......所知),on foot步行(美國人有時用by foot),in carraige(乘四輪馬車)等等。還有假主動,真被動的十幾個常用詞的用法,以及so heavy to carry而不用so heavy to be carried 等習慣用法。有關這類情況,做到心中有數對全面掌握被動態,准確無誤地解答習題非常關鍵,被動態必須涉及的是動詞的各種時態變化的問題。英語的時態本來很復雜,怎樣記住各自的被動形式呢? 首先要明確"將來進行無被動,現在完成進行 同"。這兩種時態無被動形式。 另外,不及物動詞帶有同源賓語的動詞,反身代詞的動詞和系動詞都無被動形式。即便如此,還有不定式,動名詞,分詞,以及它們的復合結構)的被動態,再加上情態動詞,助動詞以及它們的疑問式和否定式從中摻雜,真是令人頭痛,眼花繚亂。下面口訣就以動詞do為例,即do did過去式done過去分詞,以口訣形式總結各種時態的被動態,一定對你有所啟示。 被動語態(一般現在時) 主動語態變被動語態時,主動語態句中的賓語變成被動語態句中的主語,主動語態句中的主語成為被動語態句中的動作的發出者。 被動語態的口訣 一般現、過用be +過去分詞,be有人稱、時、數變。 完成時態have(has) done,被動將been加中間。 一般將來shall (will) do,被動變do為be done。 將來進行無被動,shall (will) be doing, 現在完成進行同,have (has) been doing。 現、過進行be doing, 被動be加being done。 情、助、有、是妥安排,一律隨新主語變。 否定助後加not,疑問一助置主前。 主語恰是疑問詞,直陳語序主在前。 一般情助加be done,雙賓多將間賓變。 復合賓語賓變主,賓補、主補相應變。 1.一般現在時 is\am\are+P.P(過去分詞) 2.一般過去時 was\were+P.P 3.一般將來時 will be+P.P 4.現在進行時 is\am\are+being(固定不變)+P.P 5.過去進行時 was\were+being(固定不變)+P.P 6.現在完成時 have\has been+P.P 7.過去完成時 had been+P.P 第二句"be有人稱、時、數變"即be有人稱、時態和單、復數的變化。"情助"是指情態動詞和助動詞must,may,can,shall,will等一律隨新主語(多是主動句中的賓語)來變化。"疑問一助置主前"是說有兩個助動詞的話,應把主語放在第一助動詞之後或把第一助動詞置於主語之前。下面詳細舉例說明之。 一般現、過用be done, be有人稱、時、數變 例:1、主動:The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 被動:The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 孩子們熱烈地歡迎外賓。 2、主動:People regard him as brilliant. 被動:He is regarded as brilliant by people. 人們認為他很有才華。 以上兩例都是一般時態用be done的例子,be有人稱、時、數變,第三人稱foreign friends是復數,時態一般過去時,所以"be done"就是were given,而People regard him as brilliant一句,被動後的"be done"就變成單數第三人稱is regarded的形式了。 被動: This speech was delivered by comrade Wang. (was delivered即一般過去時的被動態) 這篇講演是王的發言。 There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured. 邊境發生非常嚴重列車事故,兩人死亡,十二人受傷。 A person who is truly honest is called a straight arrow. 直言不諱的人才是真正誠實的人。 A note was passed up to the speaker. 有人給講演者遞上來一張紙條。 John was elected president of the class instead of Harry. 喬治被選為班長而代替了亨利。 Volcanoes are described as active, dormant or extinct. 火山被描述為活的,沉睡著的,或者死的。 The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 這位戰士犧牲了,然而列車得救了。 He was thought to be clever but dishonest. 他被認為很聰明但不誠實。(別人認為他很聰明但不誠實) The first zoological garden in the United States was established in 1874. 美國的第一個動物園是1874年建立的。 Families were often broken up; wives were taken away from their husbands and children from their parents. 家庭被拆散,妻兒被奪走。 The information is urgently needed. 急需這個資料。 Most environmental problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them were not taken in the past. 多數環境污染問題的存在,是因為過去沒有採取適當的保護措施。 完成時態have done,被動將been加中間。 (過去完成時had done也包括在內)。 例:1、主動:We have studied English for 3 years off and on at the spare-time school. 被動:English has been studied for 3 years by us off and on at the spare-time school. (have隨新主語變為has) 我們已經在夜校里斷斷續續地學了三年英語了。 2、主動: They had proced 100 tractors by the end of last year. 被動: 100 tractors had been proced by the end of last year. 到去年年底我們已生產出一百台拖拉機。 3、主動:They have set up a power station in their home town. 被動:A power station has been set up in their home town. 他們的家鄉建立了一座發電站。 4、主動:They have warned us to be careful of rats. 被動:We have been warned to be careful of rats. 他們已提醒我們要注意老鼠。 5、主動:People have piled plastic bags full of rubbish in streets. 被動: Plastic bags full of rubbish have been piled in streets. 人們把裝滿垃圾的塑料袋子堆放在街上。 6、主動:We have used nuclear energy to proce electricity. 被動:Nuclear energy has been used to proce electricity. 核能已用來發電。 7、主動:No one has ever beaten him at tennis. 被動:He has never been beaten at tennis. 就網球來說還沒有人是他的對手。 (No one涉及到全否定和部分否定問題,見否定一講) The person who owns the gun may try to deny that he has used it. But anyone seeing the smoke knows the gun has just been fired. 有槍的人會極力否認他開了槍。但是任何看到槍煙(槍冒的煙)的人都會知道剛才開了槍。 Today is Cilia's wedding day, she has just been married to Bob 今天是西麗亞的新婚日,她剛剛和鮑勃結婚。 The subjects of these lectures have been announced by the lecture committee. 演講委員會已宣布了這些講演的題目。 過去完成時也是一樣: 主動: Somebody had cleaned my shoes. 被動: My shoes had been cleaned by somebody. 有人早已把我的鞋子擦了。 When I returned I found that they had towed (toud) my car away, I asked why they had done this and they told me that id was because I had parked it under a "No Parking Sign". 被動:my car had been towed away. I asked why this had been done and told that ... it had been parked under a "No Parking Sign". 當我回來時,發現我的車被弄走了。我問他們為啥這么於。他們告訴我說因為我把車於停在"禁止停車"的禁區。 主動:They had build three ships by last December. 被動: By last December three ships had been built by them. 到去年年底他們已建造了三艘船。 Research had been centred on the improvement of natural building materials before synthetics were created. 合成材料造出之前,研究工作集中在改進天然建築材料上。 He did not say if all those steel pipes had been examined. 他並沒有說那些鋼管都檢驗過沒有。 After plastic had been created, engineers were given a much wide choice of materials. 塑料發明之後,工程師們在材料選擇上有了更廣闊的途徑。 一般將來shall (will) do,被動變do為be done 即由shall do或will do變為shall done或will be done。 例:主動: We shall build several big modern power plants in our city next year. 被動:Several big modern power plants will be built in our city next year. 過年我市將建立幾座大型現代化的發電廠。 (shall do中的shall要隨新主語變為will, do為be done.) 主動:I shall send my second boy to school next September. 被動:My second boy will be sent to school next September. 過年九月我將送我次子去讀書。 主動:In order to fool people cheaps and swindlers will make such bricks out of lead covering the "lead brick" with gold. 被動:Such bricks will be made out of lead covering the "lead brick" with gold by cheaps and swindlers. "鉛磚"外面被設法騙錢的商人和騙子們鍍上一層金來做這樣的"金磚"。 主動:They will ask you a lot of strange questions. 被動: You will be asked a lot of strange questions. 他們將問你許多怪題。 被動句中的by引出的賓語,一般說來,如果是人稱代詞你、我、他等,均可省略,someone no one不由by來引出。如果是名詞不能省略,但當今英語也都可省略了。 主動:The Chinese people will make more space explorations in the future. 被動:More space explorations will be made in the future by the Chinese people. 中國人民在將來將進行更多的空間探索。 同樣 After a period of use, the batteries should be changed. 電池使用一段時間後,應該更換。 Usually, the electricity is on for 24 hours. But tomorrow it will be cut off in the day time. 通常是晝夜供電,明天白天將停電。 More peaceful uses will be found for nuclear explosives in the future. 在將來會發現更多的和平利用核爆炸的途徑。 More hard work will be needed to make this wonder come true in a short time from now. 從現在起要使這些奇跡在短時間內成為現實還需要做更多的艱苦工作。 make...come true 使……成為事實; come true做賓補(見感使動詞口訣)。 The machine will not be used again. 這機器不能再用了。 Will more gas be needed? 需要更多的煤氣嗎?
『伍』 被動語態要怎麼樣講解更簡單呢
動詞後加ED,前面加TO BE 就可以了
『陸』 英語被動語態語法詳解及例句分析
一、語態概述
英語的語態是通過動詞形式的變化表現出來的。英語中有兩種語態:主動語態和被動語態。
主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者。巧記為:主動、主動、主去動。
例如:Many people speak English.
謂語:speak的動作是由主語many people來執行的。
被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者,即行為動作的對象。巧記為:被動、被動、主被動。例如:English is spoken by many people.主語English是動詞speak的承受者。
主動態和被動態指的是動詞形式,是詞法概念;而主動句和被動句則指的是句子結構,從而是句法概念。所謂主動句就是由主動態動詞(片語)作謂語動詞的句子,而被動句則是由被動態動詞(片語)作謂語動詞的句子。
例如:He opened the door.他開了門。(主動句)
The door was opened.門被開了。(被動句)
二、被動語態的構成
被動語態由「助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞」構成。人稱、數和時態的變化是通過be的變化表現出來的。現以teach為例說明被動語態在各種時態中的構成。
一般現在時:am/is/are+taught
一般過去時:was/were+taught
一般將來時:will/shall be+taught
現在進行時:am/is/are being+taught
過去進行時:have/has been+taught
現在完成時:have/has been+taught
歌訣是:被動語態be字變,過去分詞跟後面。
三、被動語態的用法
(1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執行者是誰。
例如:
Some new computers were stolen last night.
一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。(不知道電腦是誰偷的)
This book was published in 1981.這本書出版於1981年。
(2)強調動作的承受者,而不強調動作的執行者。
例如:the window was broken by Mike.窗戶是邁克打破的。
This book was written by him.這本書是他寫的。
Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小時睡眠必須得到保證。
歌訣:誰做的動作不知道,說出誰做的沒有必要;
動作承受者需強調,被動語態運用到。
四、主動語態變被動語態的方法
(1)把主動語態的賓語變為被動語態的主語。
(2)把謂語變成被動結構(be+過去分詞)
(根據被動語態句子里的主語的人稱和數,以及原來主動語態句子中動詞的時態來決定be的形式)。
(3)把主動語態中的主語放在介詞by之後作賓語,將主格改為賓格。例如:
All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are madeby themin the factory.
歌訣是:賓變主,主變賓,by短語後面跟。
謂語動詞變被動,be後「過分」來使用。
五、含有情態動詞的被動語態
含有情態動詞的主動句變成被動句時,由「情態動詞+be+過去分詞」構成,原來帶to的情態動詞變成被動語態後「to」仍要保留。
歌訣是:情態動詞變動,情態加be加「過分」,原來帶to要保留。例如:
We can repair this watch in two days.
This watch can be repaired in two days.
You ought to take it away.
It ought to be taken away.
They should do it at once.
It should be done at once.
這位朋友,以上是我為你解答的關於被動語態的語法詳解及例句分析,希望是你滿意答案。要採納哦。
『柒』 英語的被動語態是怎樣理解的,講的通俗易懂一些
一般都是Be動詞提前表被動,然後動詞變成過去式。例如:i beat him.我打他。換成被動就是:he is beaten by me。他被我打。這個by表動作行使的人。
『捌』 給我英語語法關於被動語態的講解!
語態是動詞的一種形式,用來表明主語與謂語動詞之間的關系.英語有兩種語態;主動語態[Active
Voice]和被動語態[Passive
Voice]
主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者,被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者.謂語動詞為主動語態的句子叫主動句,謂語動詞為被動語態的句子叫被動句.同一件事情往往可以通過主動句或被動句來表達,側重點雖有所不同,但意思基本相同.一般說來,主動語態側重與行為者,被動語態側重於動作的對象或動作本身.
被動語態的構成;被動語態由''助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞''構成.助動詞be+有時態,人稱和數的變化,其變化規則與連系動詞be完全一樣.
『玖』 英語的被動語態怎麼說的
英語中時態很多,但語態不多,只有兩種,即:主動語態和被動語態。所謂「被動語態」,相當於中文中常說的「被……」、「由……」的句式,如:「他的自行車被偷了。」,「這座樓房是由他們建造的。」
二、被動語態的結構
那麼,英語中被動語態是怎麼樣構成的呢?請看下面的例句(注意劃線部分):
His bicycle was stolen.
The building has been built in 2000.
通過上面的例句,可以看出,「被動語態」的構成是:
be + 過去分詞 + (by+動作執行者)
『拾』 英語被動語態用法總結
英語中常用的十種被動語態,你會用嗎?
小黑說英語
2017年10月07日 · 教育領域創作者
被動語態的基本構成:主語 + be + 及物動詞的過去分詞。動詞的執行者由介詞 by 引出,往往可以省去。被動語態是動詞的一種形式,有時態、人稱和數的變化,這種變化體現在助動詞 be 上。英語中常用的十種被動語態如下表所示(以ask 為例):
十種被動語態
1.一般現在時:主語 + am/is/are + 過去分詞
English is taught in most schools in china.
中國大多數學校都教英語。
2.一般過去時:主語 + was/were + 過去分詞
The computer was put into operation in 1942.
計算機於1942年投入運行。
3.一般將來時:主語 + shall/will + be + 過去分詞
The sports meet will be put off.
運動會將被推遲。
4.過去將來時:主語 + should/would + be + 過去分詞
He said he would be loved if he loved others.
他說只要他愛別人,自己就會被愛。
5.現在進行時:主語 + am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
I'm afraid I am being followed.
恐怕有人正在跟蹤我。
6.過去進行時:主語 + was/were + being + 過去分詞
The hospital was being built when I came last time.
上次我來時,這家醫院正在修建中。
7.現在完成時:主語 + have/has + been 過去分詞
Many new buildings have been completed in the city.
這座城市裡已經建成許多新建築。
8.過去完成時:主語 + had been + 過去分詞
All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived.
他們到達時,所有的票已經售完了。
9.將來完成時:主語 + shall/will + have been + 過去分詞
The new factory will have been completed by the end of this month.
這個月末,這個新工廠將會竣工。
10.過去將來完成時:主語 + should/would + have been + 過去分詞
He said that Book One would have been finished by the end of this term.
他說到本學期末第一冊書將已學完。
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