八上英語復習提綱

❶ 八年級英語上冊復習提綱

新目標英語八年級上筆記
Review of Unit 1－6
I. language goals （語言目標）
1. Talk about how often you do things 談論做事情的頻率。
2. Talk about your health. Make suggestions.
談論健康話題以及提出建議。
3. Talk about future plans.
談論未來的計劃/打算。
4. Talk about how to get to places.
談論到達某地的方式。
5. Learn to make invitations, say yes to invitations and say no to invitations and give reasons.
學會發出，接受和拒絕邀請並說出原因。
6. Learn to talk about personal traits and how to compare people.
學會談論個人品質以及如何比較人們。
II. Key Phrases （重點短語）：
1. how often 多長時間一次
2. junk food 垃圾食品
3. a lot of 許多
4. hardly ever 很少
5. start with 以…開始
6. try to do sth. 試著去做某事
7. look after 照料
8. be kind of unhealthy 有點不健康
9. once a day 一天一次
10. twice a month 一個月兩次
11. be good for 對…有好處
12. once in a while 偶爾
13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙醫
14. get a cold / fever 感冒/發燒
15. have a stomachache 肚子疼
16. have a toothache 牙疼
17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼
18. lie down and rest 躺下休息
19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的熱茶
20. be stressed out 緊張
21. listen to … 聽…
22. get tired 變的疲勞
23. keep healthy 保持健康
24. at the moment 此刻；目前
25. watch TV 看電視
26. play basketball 打籃球
27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹
28. visit my friend 拜訪我的朋友
29. relax at home 在家放鬆
30. sports camp 運動野營
31. something interesting
32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing
去徒步旅行/野營/釣魚/購物/觀光
33. go away 離開
34. get back to school 返回學校
35. stay for a week 呆一個星期
36. go bike riding 騎自行車兜風
37. takes walks 散步
38. rent videos 租錄像帶
39. sleep a lot 睡得多
40. think about 考慮
41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane
乘地鐵/公共車/小船/飛機
42. get to 到達
43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共車/飛機/小船
44. train / subway / bus station 火車/地鐵/公共車站
45. bus ride 乘公共車的旅行
46. ride a bike 騎自行車
47. bus stop 公共汽車站
48. on foot 步行
49. leave for 離開去…
50. school bus 學校班車
51. the early bus 早班車
52. be different from 與…不同
53. half past six 六點半
54. in North America 在北美洲
55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐
56. need to do 需要做…
57. more than 多於
58. play soccer 踢足球
59. baseball game 棒球比賽
60. school team 校隊
61. come over to 過來到…
62. the day after tomorrow 後天
63. be good at 擅長於…
64. two years ago 兩年前
65. be outgoing 外向的
66. all the time 一直
67. in some ways 在一些方面
68. look the same 看起來一樣
69. talk to everyone 與大家談話
70. make me laugh 使我笑
III. Key Sentence Structures 重要句型：
Unit 1:
1. －What do you usually do on weekends?
－I usually go to the movies.
2. －What does he sometimes do on weekends?
－He sometimes surfs the Internet.
3. How often do you exercise?
I exercise once a week.
4. How often does she eat vegetables?
She eats vegetables three times a day.
5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.
6. It makes a big difference to my grades.
7. My eating habits are pretty good.
Unit 2:
1. What』s the matter?
What』s wrong?
What』s the trouble?
2. I』m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat.
/I have a lot of headaches.
3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist.
You should drink some hot tea with honey.
4. You shouldn』t eat anything for 24 hours.
5. Don』t get stressed out. It will make you sick.
6. I』m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.
Unit 3
1. －What is she doing for vacation?
－She is babysitting her little sister.
－That sounds nice / interesting.
2. －When are you going?
－I』m going on Monday.
3. －Where are they going?
－They are going to Tibet.
4. －Who is she going with?
－She is going with her parents.
5. －How long is he staying.
－He is staying for a week.
6. －How is the weather there?
－I』m hoping the weather will be nice.
7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June.
8. Have a good time.
Unit 4:
1. －How do you get to school?
－I get to school by bus.
2. －How does he go to work?
－He usually walks to school.
3. －How long does it take?
－It takes about twenty minutes.
4. －How far is it from his home to school?
－It』s three miles.
5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?
Unit 5:
1. －Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
－Sure, I』d love to. / I』m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.
2. －Can she go to the movies on Saturday?
－No, she can』t. She has to help her mom.
3. －Can you go to the concert on Monday?
－When is it?
－It』s at four o』clock on Friday.
4. Thanks a lot for the invitation.
5. I』m going to study for a test this evening.
6. What』s the date today?
Unit 6
1. Pedro is funnier than Paul.
2. Tina is （a little）taller than Tara.
3. I am more athletic than my best friend.
4. My hair is longer than hers.
5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister.
6. In some ways, we look the same.
7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me.
8. I』m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend.
9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose?

❷ 八上英語復習提綱

太多不好復制，點開看吧：
你自己看一下：
物理：初二物理復習資料總結
初中物理總復習提綱(分章節）
語文：初二下學期語文期末復習提綱語基專項訓練
初二語文古文部分復習提綱
初二上學期語文期末復習資料全集（人教版）
（需下載）
歷史：
數學：初二數學暑假總復習資料
生物：生物復習提綱
初二下生物復習提綱
英語：初二英語語法復習提綱
更多可見：
免費試卷下載,裡面有很多
參考資料：
這網全是試題：
這個網站很不錯，上面這個是網站的資源總覽，好像有2065頁（主頁上也有搜索功能，不用怕找不到。。。）！內容也很豐富，囊括了初中一至三的所有科目的單元練習、期中期末練習，而且大部分都有參考答案，可以考慮哦
專門學習網站：
資源下載：
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❸ 八年級英語復習提綱

這只是八下一部分短語給你參考，你若想要更詳細的，網路hi我吧！！
但這些短語足以應對八年的英語考試。

復習提綱
Unit 1
Useful Expressions
1. make predictions 做預測
2. free time 空閑時間
3. fly…to… 乘坐…飛往…
4. on a space station 在太空站上
5. I disagree. 我不同意.
6. fall/be in love with sb. 與sb.相愛
7. keep pets 養寵物
8. be able to 能夠
9. predict the future 預測未來
10. come true 實現
11. see sb. do sth. 看見sb.做某事(的全過程)
doing sth. 看見sb.正在做某事(片斷)
12. help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事
13. hundreds of 數以百計的
14. try to do sth. 盡力做某事
15. look like 看上去長的像…
16. look for 尋找
17. 一段時間 + from now (從現在起)…之後
from now on = in the future 今後
Key Points
1. Do you think …?
I think (that)….
I don』t think (that)….
2. study at home on computer
辨析：on，in和with.
on：表示使用通訊工具、信息或傳媒，乘坐交通工具等;
in：使用語言文字等媒介;
with：藉助具體的手段或工具。
Eg. I don』t want to talk about it on the phone.
Can you speak it in English?
Don』t write it with a red pen.
3. Will people use money in 100 years?
「in+時間」結構常與一般將來時連用，對其進行提問時用特殊疑問詞how soon.
4. before
ago 與過去時連用
Grammar Focus
1. The Simple Future tense
一般將來時的三種基本結構：
⑴ will +V.
⑵ be going to +V.
⑶ be + Ving
一般將來時的時間狀語：in + 時間，in the future，next + 時間，
與tomorrow 相關的時間，this + 時間，from now on，right now，some day…
2.形容詞、副詞的比較級用法
Unit 2
UE
1. argue with sb. 與某人爭吵
about/over sth. 為某事爭吵
2. out of style/danger 過時/脫離險境
in style/danger 時尚/處於危險之中
3. call up sb. (代詞放中間)給某人打電話
4. keep out 不讓…進入
5. What』s wrong? 怎麼啦?
6. be surprised at … 對…感到吃驚
7. borrow sth. from sb. 從某人那裡借入某物
8. need to do sth. (某人)需要做某事
doing sth. (某物)需要做某事
9. pay … for sth. 為某物付…(錢)
10. the same + n. + as… 與…一樣的n.
11. get on well with sb. 與某人相處融洽
12. have a fight with sb. 與某人爭吵
13. take part in 加入
14. plan sth. for sb. 為某人計劃某事
15. as much as possible 盡可能多的…
KP.
1. Sb. pay …for sth. 某人為某物花了…錢。
Sth. cost sb. … 某物花了某人…錢。
Sb. spend … on sth. 某人花了…(時間、金錢)在某事上。
(in) doing sth. 某人花了…(時間、金錢)做某事。
It takes/took sb. … to do sth. 花了某人…(時間、金錢)做某事。
2. not … until 直到…才… (主句動詞是短暫性動詞)
until 一直到… (主句中使用延續性動詞)
3. leave
GF
情態動詞
1. 情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化;
2. 情態動詞不能直接做謂語，必須和一個動詞原形同時使用;
3. 大多數情態動詞沒有時態的變化;
4. 情態動詞加上be，通常表示猜測的語氣。
Unit3
UE
1. in front of ---- behide 在…的前面 ---- 在…的後面
in the front of ---- at the back of 在…的前部 ---- 在…的後部(包含在內)
2. take off 起飛
3. get out of 離開…
4. You are kidding. 胡說八道
5. follow sb. to do sth. 跟著某人做某事
6. get into 進入
7. shout at 訓斥、責備
shout to 向…喊叫
8. What happen? 發生什麼事了?
happen = take place 發生
9. in silence 沉默地
10. in space 在太空中
11. at the doctor』s 在診所
12. jump down from… 從…跳下
13. climb up the tree 爬上樹
KP
「as + 形容詞/副詞的原級+as」表示「和…一樣」
否定形式：「not as/so + 形容詞/副詞的原級+as」 表示「和…不一樣」
GF
1. The Past Progressive Tense
過去進行時
⑴用法：表示在過去某一時刻或某段時間內正在進行的動作。
⑵謂語結構：be ( was, were )+ Ving
⑶時間狀語：at that time/moment
at + 點鍾 + yesterday/last night
from +點鍾 + to +點鍾 + yesterday
this time yesterday
just then
when he came in, ….(when引導的時間狀語從句是過去時，並且動詞是短暫性動詞時，主句使用過去進行時)
2. when & while
when與while都是從屬連詞，都有「當……時」的意思。
when 可與一個點的時間或表示一段的時間連用，從句動詞可以是短暫性或延續性動詞;
while 只指一段時間，不能指一點時間。因此while從句中的謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞。
Unit 4
UE
1. have a surprise party 舉辦一個驚喜派對
2. be mad at/with sb. for sth. 因為某事對某人發火
be mad about/on sth./sb. 對某事/某人很著迷
3. not … anymore = not … any more = no more 不再
4. first of all 首先
5. pass ( on ) sth. to sb. 把某物遞給某人
pass on (代詞放中間)
6. work on 從事
7. be supposed to = should 應該
8. be good/better/best at 擅長於…
do well/better/best in
9. report card 成績單
10. the disappointing result 令人失望的結果
11. this semester 本學期
12. How』s it going? 你好嗎?
How goes it?
How are things going?
13. be in good/poor/bad/ill health 健康狀況好/不好/糟糕/病著
14. end of year exams 期末考
15. get/be nervous of sth./doing sth. 對某事/做某事感到緊張
16. have a hard time with sth. 在某事上/做某事處境困難
doing sth.
17. It』s just that… 這只是由於…
18. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事
doing sth. 忘記做過某事
19. get over 克服
20. for now 至今為止
21. open up 打開
22. care for 照顧
KP
1. true 符合客觀事實的(人和事)
really 真實存在的(人和事)
2. be sure that 確信…
3. I don』t think (that)… 我不認為…(否定前置)
GF
1. The object clause
賓語從句
⑴ 引導詞：that —— 引導陳述句，在句中可省略;
if，whether ——引導一般疑問句，可相互替換(從句中出現or not時只能使用whether);
wh-，h- —— 引導特殊疑問句。
主句 從句
一般現在時 各種時態
一般過去時 相應的過去時態
⑵ 時態：
注意：從句講述的是客觀真理時，不根據主句改變時態。
⑶ 語序：引導詞後加陳述句語序
「主句 + 引導詞 + 從句主語 + 從句謂語 + 其他」
2. Direct Speech and Reported Speech
直接引語變為間接引語時參照賓語從句的變法，把雙引號內的句子變為賓語從句即可。以下是另需變化的兩點
⑷ 人稱和所有格：「 一主，二賓，三不變 」
⑸ 狀語與動詞
Unit 5
UE (Useful Expression)
1. have a great time 過得很愉快
2. wear jeans 穿牛仔褲
3. let sb. in/out/by 讓某人進來/出去/過去
4. be late for 遲到
5. be sorry (that)… 感到遺憾
6. organize sth. for … 為…組織某事
7. half (of) the class 半班
8. take away… 把…拿走、沒收
bring sth. to … 把某物帶來…
take sth. from … 從…把某物帶走
9. Why not? 為什麼不呢?
10. clean up 收拾干凈
11. make a lot of money 掙許多錢
12. be famous for… 因…而出名
be famous as… 因作為…而出名
13. join = take part in 參加
14. a professional athlete 職業運動員
15. get injured 受傷
16. a great chance 一次好機會
17. all the time 一直
18. around the world = all over the world 全世界
19. make a living (by) doing sth. 做某事謀生
20. complain about sth. 抱怨某事
21. decide to do sth. 決定去做某事
22. in order to do sth. 以便、為了
that + 目的狀語從句 = so that
in order 整齊、有條理、正常
23. talk on the phone 講電話
KP(Key sentences)
1. too much + 不可數名詞
too many + 可數名詞
much too + 形容詞
2. against 反對、與…相反、與…對抗
argue against 抵制
GF
1. The Conditional Adverbial Clause
條件狀語從句由if或unless引導，表示如果有從句中的動作發生，就會有主句的動作發生。在條件狀語從句中，主句是將來時、祈使句或含有情態動詞的句子時，從句要使用一般現在時表達將來的意思(即：主將從現)。
if：如果
unless：除非 = if… not…，….
Eg. We will have a meeting tomorrow if Mr. Gao doesn』t leave for Shanghai.
= We will have a meeting tomorrow unless Mr. Gao leaves for Shanghai.
2. Imperative
Unit 6
Useful Expression
1. how long 多長時間了?
2. start class/skating/to skate 開始上課/滑冰
= begin class/skating/to skate
3. a skating marathon 一場滑冰馬拉松
4. would like = 』d like 願意、想要
5. run out of 跑完
6. by the way 順便問一下
7. more than = over 超過
8. ever since 自從
9. raise money for charity 籌集善款
10. a pair of 一雙
11. five and a half years 五年半
12. the whole five hours 整整五個小時
13. in Russian style 以俄羅斯的風格
Key sentences
1. Every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.每位學生每溜冰一個小時就能為慈善事業籌到10元錢。
every 和each 都表示「每一個」，但every是指整體，each是指每個個體。
2. Next is Sam. 緊接著的是Sam。
3. Because we』ve run out of room to store them. 因為我們已經沒地方存放他們了。
4. By the way, what』s your hobby? 順便問一下，你有什麼愛好?
5. I am interested in the job as a writer. 我對這份作家的工作感興趣。
6. In fact, the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand years ago.事實上，首批猶太人可能是在一千多年前來到開封的。
7. The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. 我對中國歷史了解的越多，我就越喜歡在中國生活。
8. Although I live quite far from Beijing, …. 雖然我住得離北京很遠。
Grammar
1. 現在完成進行時
(1) 結構：have/has + been + V.ing.
(2) 用法：表示從過去某一時刻開始，一直延續到現在且很有可能持續下去;
I』ve been doing the cleaning all this morning.
表示從過去開始一直持續到現在的某一動作剛剛結束;
You』re late again! I』ve been waiting here for an hour.
表示一個一直到說話時為止的一段時間內一再重復的動作。
I have been calling you several times in two days.
(3) 時間狀語：all the time/this morning, since morning, all night,
this week/month, recently 等
(3) 對現在完成進行時的時間狀語進行提問時使用how long。
How long have you been skating?
I』ve been skating since I was seven years old.
for 5 years old.
2. 現在完成進行時與現在完成時區別：
現在完成進行時側重於動作的持續、運行;而現在完成時強調動作的完成。如：
I have written a letter to my father.(到現在信已寫完)我給我的父親寫了一封信。
I have been writing a letter to my father.(一直在寫，現在還在寫)我一直在給我的父親寫信。
再看：I wrote a letter to my father. 我給我的父親寫過一封信。
Unit 7
Useful Expression
1. turn down/up 調小/大(音量)
turn on/off 打開/關上(電源開關)
2. not at all 一點也不
3. right away = in a minute 立刻、馬上
4. do/wash the dish 洗碗
5. get out of 出來
6. put on 穿上(動作)
wear 穿著(狀態)
7. feed the dog 喂狗
keep the dog 養狗
8. return … to … 把…還給…
9. help sb. do/with sth. 幫助某人做某事
10. make posters 製作海報
11. a terrible haircut 一個糟糕的發型
12. have a long telephone conversation 褒電話粥
13. wait in line 排隊
cut in line 插隊
14. follow sb. around 跟在某人周圍
15. get mad = get annoy = get angry 感到惱火
16. all the time 一直
17. complain about 抱怨…
18. be polite 有禮貌
19. try (not) to do sth. 盡力(不去)做某事
20. must be 一定是
21. keep down 保持音量
22. seem like 看上去像…
23. be allowed 被允許
24. even if/though 盡管、即使
25. take care = be careful 小心
26. in public places 在公眾場合
in public 公開地，當眾地
27. put out 熄滅
28. drop litter 亂丟垃圾
29. pick up 撿起、拾起
Key sentences
1. Would you mind turning down the music? 你介不介意把音樂聲關小呢?
Would you mind (not) doing sth.? 你介不介意做(不做)…?
= Would/Could you please (not) do sth.? 請你做(不做)…好嗎?
2. I won』t be long. 我一會就好。
3. The pen you bought didn』t work. 你買的那把筆壞了。
= The pen you bought wasn』t broken.
= There was something wrong with the pen you bought.
= Something was wrong with the pen you bought.
4. Here you are. 給你。
Here』s what they said. 以下是他們所說的。
5. I can』t stand it. 我無法忍受。
I can』t stand to see good food to waste. 我無法忍受看著好食物被浪費。
6. Could you please not follow me around? 請你不要跟著我四周好嗎?
7. This happens to me all the time in the school library.
在學校圖書館我一直碰上這種事。
9. Would you mind keeping your voice down? 你介不介意把音量放小呢?
voice: 名詞，指說話和唱歌地嗓音; talk in a loud voice 高聲交談
noise: 名詞，指人們不願聽到地噪音;
sound: 名詞，泛指自然界一切可以聽到的聲音。
10. For example, dropping litter is almost never allowed.
例如，亂丟垃圾是不被允許的。
be allowed 被允許。 「be + 動詞的過去分詞」是被動語態

❹ 八年級下冊英語復習提綱

Unit 1
Useful Expressions
1. make predictions 做預測
2. free time 空閑時間
3. fly…to… 乘坐…飛往…
4. on a space station 在太空站上
5. I disagree. 我不同意.
6. fall/be in love with sb. 與.相愛
7. keep pets 養寵物
8. be able to 能夠
9. predict the future 預測未來
10. come true 實現
11. see sb. do sth. 看見sb.做某事(的全過程)
doing sth. 看見sb.正在做某事(片斷)
12. help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事
13. hundreds of 數以百計的
14. try to do sth. 盡力做某事
15. look like 看上去長的像…
16. look for 尋找
17. 一段時間 + from now (從現在起)…之後
from now on = in the future 今後
Key Points
1. Do you think …?
I think (that)….
I don』t think (that)….
2. study at home on computer
辨析：on，in和with.
on：表示使用通訊工具、信息或傳媒，乘坐交通工具等;
in：使用語言文字等媒介;
with：藉助具體的手段或工具。
Eg. I don』t want to talk about it on the phone.
Can you speak it in English?
Don』t write it with a red pen.
3. Will people use money in 100 years?
「in+時間」結構常與一般將來時連用，對其進行提問時用特殊疑問詞how soon.
4. before
ago 與過去時連用
Grammar Focus
1. The Simple Future tense
一般將來時的三種基本結構：
⑴ will +V.
⑵ be going to +V.
⑶ be + Ving
一般將來時的時間狀語：in + 時間，in the future，next + 時間，
與tomorrow 相關的時間，this + 時間，from now on，right now，some day…
2.形容詞、副詞的比較級用法
Unit 2
UE
1. argue with sb. 與某人爭吵
about/over sth. 為某事爭吵
2. out of style/danger 過時/脫離險境
in style/danger 時尚/處於危險之中
3. call up sb. (代詞放中間)給某人打電話
4. keep out 不讓…進入
5. What』s wrong? 怎麼啦?
6. be surprised at … 對…感到吃驚
7. borrow sth. from sb. 從某人那裡借入某物
8. need to do sth. (某人)需要做某事
doing sth. (某物)需要做某事
9. pay … for sth. 為某物付…(錢)
10. the same + n. + as… 與…一樣的n.
11. get on well with sb. 與某人相處融洽
12. have a fight with sb. 與某人爭吵
13. take part in 加入
14. plan sth. for sb. 為某人計劃某事
15. as much as possible 盡可能多的…
KP.
1. Sb. pay …for sth. 某人為某物花了…錢。
Sth. cost sb. … 某物花了某人…錢。
Sb. spend … on sth. 某人花了…(時間、金錢)在某事上。
(in) doing sth. 某人花了…(時間、金錢)做某事。
It takes/took sb. … to do sth. 花了某人…(時間、金錢)做某事。
2. not … until 直到…才… (主句動詞是短暫性動詞)
until 一直到… (主句中使用延續性動詞)
3. leave
GF
情態動詞
1. 情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化;
2. 情態動詞不能直接做謂語，必須和一個動詞原形同時使用;
3. 大多數情態動詞沒有時態的變化;
4. 情態動詞加上be，通常表示猜測的語氣。
Unit3
UE
1. in front of ---- behide 在…的前面 ---- 在…的後面
in the front of ---- at the back of 在…的前部 ---- 在…的後部(包含在內)
2. take off 起飛
3. get out of 離開…
4. You are kidding. 胡說八道
5. follow sb. to do sth. 跟著某人做某事
6. get into 進入
7. shout at 訓斥、責備
shout to 向…喊叫
8. What happen? 發生什麼事了?
happen = take place 發生
9. in silence 沉默地
10. in space 在太空中
11. at the doctor』s 在診所
12. jump down from… 從…跳下
13. climb up the tree 爬上樹
KP
「as + 形容詞/副詞的原級+as」表示「和…一樣」
否定形式：「not as/so + 形容詞/副詞的原級+as」 表示「和…不一樣」
GF
1. The Past Progressive Tense
過去進行時
⑴用法：表示在過去某一時刻或某段時間內正在進行的動作。
⑵謂語結構：be ( was, were )+ Ving
⑶時間狀語：at that time/moment
at + 點鍾 + yesterday/last night
from +點鍾 + to +點鍾 + yesterday
this time yesterday
just then
when he came in, ….(when引導的時間狀語從句是過去時，並且動詞是短暫性動詞時，主句使用過去進行時)
2. when & while
when與while都是從屬連詞，都有「當……時」的意思。
when 可與一個點的時間或表示一段的時間連用，從句動詞可以是短暫性或延續性動詞;
while 只指一段時間，不能指一點時間。因此while從句中的謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞。
Unit 4
UE
1. have a surprise party 舉辦一個驚喜派對
2. be mad at/with sb. for sth. 因為某事對某人發火
be mad about/on sth./sb. 對某事/某人很著迷
3. not … anymore = not … any more = no more 不再
4. first of all 首先
5. pass ( on ) sth. to sb. 把某物遞給某人
pass on (代詞放中間)
6. work on 從事
7. be supposed to = should 應該
8. be good/better/best at 擅長於…
do well/better/best in
9. report card 成績單
10. the disappointing result 令人失望的結果
11. this semester 本學期
12. How』s it going? 你好嗎?
How goes it?
How are things going?
13. be in good/poor/bad/ill health 健康狀況好/不好/糟糕/病著
14. end of year exams 期末考
15. get/be nervous of sth./doing sth. 對某事/做某事感到緊張
16. have a hard time with sth. 在某事上/做某事處境困難
doing sth.
17. It』s just that… 這只是由於…
18. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事
doing sth. 忘記做過某事
19. get over 克服
20. for now 至今為止
21. open up 打開
22. care for 照顧
KP
1. true 符合客觀事實的(人和事)
really 真實存在的(人和事)
2. be sure that 確信…
3. I don』t think (that)… 我不認為…(否定前置)
GF
1. The object clause
賓語從句
⑴ 引導詞：that —— 引導陳述句，在句中可省略;
if，whether ——引導一般疑問句，可相互替換(從句中出現or not時只能使用whether);
wh-，h- —— 引導特殊疑問句。
主句 從句
一般現在時 各種時態
一般過去時 相應的過去時態
⑵ 時態：
注意：從句講述的是客觀真理時，不根據主句改變時態。
⑶ 語序：引導詞後加陳述句語序
「主句 + 引導詞 + 從句主語 + 從句謂語 + 其他」
2. Direct Speech and Reported Speech
直接引語變為間接引語時參照賓語從句的變法，把雙引號內的句子變為賓語從句即可。以下是另需變化的兩點
⑷ 人稱和所有格：「 一主，二賓，三不變 」
⑸ 狀語與動詞
Unit 5
UE (Useful Expression)
1. have a great time 過得很愉快
2. wear jeans 穿牛仔褲
3. let sb. in/out/by 讓某人進來/出去/過去
4. be late for 遲到
5. be sorry (that)… 感到遺憾
6. organize sth. for … 為…組織某事
7. half (of) the class 半班
8. take away… 把…拿走、沒收
bring sth. to … 把某物帶來…
take sth. from … 從…把某物帶走
9. Why not? 為什麼不呢?
10. clean up 收拾干凈
11. make a lot of money 掙許多錢
12. be famous for… 因…而出名
be famous as… 因作為…而出名
13. join = take part in 參加
14. a professional athlete 職業運動員
15. get injured 受傷
16. a great chance 一次好機會
17. all the time 一直
18. around the world = all over the world 全世界
19. make a living (by) doing sth. 做某事謀生
20. complain about sth. 抱怨某事
21. decide to do sth. 決定去做某事
22. in order to do sth. 以便、為了
that + 目的狀語從句 = so that
in order 整齊、有條理、正常
23. talk on the phone 講電話
KP(Key sentences)
1. too much + 不可數名詞
too many + 可數名詞
much too + 形容詞
2. against 反對、與…相反、與…對抗
argue against 抵制
GF
1. The Conditional Adverbial Clause
條件狀語從句由if或unless引導，表示如果有從句中的動作發生，就會有主句的動作發生。在條件狀語從句中，主句是將來時、祈使句或含有情態動詞的句子時，從句要使用一般現在時表達將來的意思(即：主將從現)。
if：如果
unless：除非 = if… not…，….
Eg. We will have a meeting tomorrow if Mr. Gao doesn』t leave for Shanghai.
= We will have a meeting tomorrow unless Mr. Gao leaves for Shanghai.
2. Imperative
Unit 6
Useful Expression
1. how long 多長時間了?
2. start class/skating/to skate 開始上課/滑冰
= begin class/skating/to skate
3. a skating marathon 一場滑冰馬拉松
4. would like = 』d like 願意、想要
5. run out of 跑完
6. by the way 順便問一下
7. more than = over 超過
8. ever since 自從
9. raise money for charity 籌集善款
10. a pair of 一雙
11. five and a half years 五年半
12. the whole five hours 整整五個小時
13. in Russian style 以俄羅斯的風格
Key sentences
1. Every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.每位學生每溜冰一個小時就能為慈善事業籌到10元錢。
every 和each 都表示「每一個」，但every是指整體，each是指每個個體。
2. Next is Sam. 緊接著的是Sam。
3. Because we』ve run out of room to store them. 因為我們已經沒地方存放他們了。
4. By the way, what』s your hobby? 順便問一下，你有什麼愛好?
5. I am interested in the job as a writer. 我對這份作家的工作感興趣。
6. In fact, the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand years ago.事實上，首批猶太人可能是在一千多年前來到開封的。
7. The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. 我對中國歷史了解的越多，我就越喜歡在中國生活。
8. Although I live quite far from Beijing, …. 雖然我住得離北京很遠。
Grammar
1. 現在完成進行時
(1) 結構：have/has + been + V.ing.
(2) 用法：表示從過去某一時刻開始，一直延續到現在且很有可能持續下去;
I』ve been doing the cleaning all this morning.
表示從過去開始一直持續到現在的某一動作剛剛結束;
You』re late again! I』ve been waiting here for an hour.
表示一個一直到說話時為止的一段時間內一再重復的動作。
I have been calling you several times in two days.
(3) 時間狀語：all the time/this morning, since morning, all night,
this week/month, recently 等
(3) 對現在完成進行時的時間狀語進行提問時使用how long。
How long have you been skating?
I』ve been skating since I was seven years old.
for 5 years old.
2. 現在完成進行時與現在完成時區別：
現在完成進行時側重於動作的持續、運行;而現在完成時強調動作的完成。如：
I have written a letter to my father.(到現在信已寫完)我給我的父親寫了一封信。
I have been writing a letter to my father.(一直在寫，現在還在寫)我一直在給我的父親寫信。
再看：I wrote a letter to my father. 我給我的父親寫過一封信。
Unit 7
Useful Expression
1. turn down/up 調小/大(音量)
turn on/off 打開/關上(電源開關)
2. not at all 一點也不
3. right away = in a minute 立刻、馬上
4. do/wash the dish 洗碗
5. get out of 出來
6. put on 穿上(動作)
wear 穿著(狀態)
7. feed the dog 喂狗
keep the dog 養狗
8. return … to … 把…還給…
9. help sb. do/with sth. 幫助某人做某事
10. make posters 製作海報
11. a terrible haircut 一個糟糕的發型
12. have a long telephone conversation 褒電話粥
13. wait in line 排隊
cut in line 插隊
14. follow sb. around 跟在某人周圍
15. get mad = get annoy = get angry 感到惱火
16. all the time 一直
17. complain about 抱怨…
18. be polite 有禮貌
19. try (not) to do sth. 盡力(不去)做某事
20. must be 一定是
21. keep down 保持音量
22. seem like 看上去像…
23. be allowed 被允許
24. even if/though 盡管、即使
25. take care = be careful 小心
26. in public places 在公眾場合
in public 公開地，當眾地
27. put out 熄滅
28. drop litter 亂丟垃圾
29. pick up 撿起、拾起
Key sentences
1. Would you mind turning down the music? 你介不介意把音樂聲關小呢?
Would you mind (not) doing sth.? 你介不介意做(不做)…?
= Would/Could you please (not) do sth.? 請你做(不做)…好嗎?
2. I won』t be long. 我一會就好。
3. The pen you bought didn』t work. 你買的那把筆壞了。
= The pen you bought wasn』t broken.
= There was something wrong with the pen you bought.
= Something was wrong with the pen you bought.
4. Here you are. 給你。
Here』s what they said. 以下是他們所說的。
5. I can』t stand it. 我無法忍受。
I can』t stand to see good food to waste. 我無法忍受看著好食物被浪費。
6. Could you please not follow me around? 請你不要跟著我四周好嗎?
7. This happens to me all the time in the school library.
在學校圖書館我一直碰上這種事。
9. Would you mind keeping your voice down? 你介不介意把音量放小呢?
voice: 名詞，指說話和唱歌地嗓音; talk in a loud voice 高聲交談
noise: 名詞，指人們不願聽到地噪音;
sound: 名詞，泛指自然界一切可以聽到的聲音。
10. For example, dropping litter is almost never allowed.
例如，亂丟垃圾是不被允許的。
be allowed 被允許。 「be + 動詞的過去分詞」是被動語態

❺ 八上的英語復習提綱

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❻ 八年級上學期英語復習提綱

Unit One
1. How often do you exercise ? → How often + 助動詞do(does或did) + 主語 + do sth. ? 疑問詞how often是問頻率(多經常), 在這里助動詞do(does或did) 是起幫助構成疑問的作用
Every day / Once a week / Twice a month / Three times a month / Three or four times a month .
2. What do you usually do on weekends ? 第一個do 為助動詞, 在這起幫助構成疑問的作用；而第二個 do 則是實義動詞。 I usually play soccer .
3. What』s your favorite program ? It』s Animal World .
4. What do students do at Green High School ? 第一個do 為助動詞, 在這起幫助構成疑問的作用；而第二個 do 則是實義動詞。
5. As for homework , most students do homework every day . as for...意思是「至於；關於」，常用於句首作狀語，其後跟名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式（即動名詞）。如：
As for him，I never want to see him here. 至於他，我永遠不希望在這里見到。
As for the story，you'd better not believe it. 關於那故事，你最好不要相信。
6. The results for 「 watch TV 」 are interesting .
7. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . → want to do sth.意思是「想要做某事」；want sb. to do sth.意思是「想要某人做某事」。如：
Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看電影嗎？
The teacher doesn't want us to eat hamburgers.老師不想讓我們吃漢堡包。
8. She says it』s good for my health . → be good for...表示「對……有益（有好處）」。其反義為：be bad for...。（這里for 是介詞，後跟名詞、代詞或動名詞）如：
It's good for us to do more reading. 多讀書對我們有好處。
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上讀書對你的眼睛有害。
9. How many hours do you sleep every night ?
10. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school .
11. My eating habits are pretty good . 這里pretty相當於very 。
12. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week . → try to do sth.表示「 盡力做某事 」 ，不包含是否成功的意思 / try doing sth. 表示「 （用某一辦法）試著去做某事」。 如:You』d better try doing the experiment in another way. 你最好試試用另一種方法做這個試驗。
13. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades . → help sb.(to) do sth.幫助某人做某事
14. Good food and exercise help me to study better . → help sb. (to) do sth.幫助某人做某事 / 這里better是well的比較級，而不是good的比較級
15. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different ? ＝Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from your lifestyle ? → be the same as … / be different from …
16. I think I』m kind of unhealthy . kind of = a little / a kind of 意思是「一種」
17. What sports do you play ?
18. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
19. You must try to eat less meat . → try to do sth. 表示「 盡力做某事 」 , 不包含是否成功的意思 / less是little的比較級
20. That sounds interesting. 這是「主語+系動詞+表語」結構的簡單句。sound（聽起來），look（看起來），smell（聞起來），taste（嘗起來），feel（覺得），seem（好象），grow（變得） , get（變得）等詞在英語中可用作系動詞，後跟形容詞作表語。如：
It tastes good. 這味道好。
The music sounds very sweet. 這音樂聽起來很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 煙霧變得越來越濃了。

Unit Two
1. What』s the matter ? What』s the mater with you ? with為介詞，後跟名詞、代詞或動名詞。人稱代詞必須用它的賓格。
I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache
2. You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor .
3. I』m not felling well . 這里well表示身體狀況，不能用good代替
4. When did it start ? About two days ago .
5. That』s too bad .
6. I hope you fell better soon . 這里better是well的比較級
7. Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy . 這里 to be healthy是動詞不定式短語，作目的狀語
8. Maybe you have too much yin . too much後跟不可數名詞，而too many後跟可數名詞復數
9. It』s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it』s important to eat a balanced diet . → It』s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It』s important to do sth . 做某事重要
10. Everyone gets tired sometimes . 這里get連系動詞，tired是形容詞作表語，屬系表結構
11. A sore throat can give you a fever . → give sb. sth . = give sth. to sb. 把某物給某人
12. Don』t get stressed out. It』s not healthy . 在這里get是連系動詞，stressed out是表語
13. I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist . → need意思為 「需要」 ，作實義動詞時，後跟動詞不定式，否定式為don』t /doesn』t / didn』t need (to do sth.) ；作情態動詞時，只能用於否定句或疑問句中，否定式為needn』t(do sth.) ，除有過去式外，沒有其它的形態變化
14. Eat a balanced diet to stay healthy . to stay healthy是動詞不定式短語，作目的狀語
15. I』m not feeling very well at the moment . at the moment = now

Unit Three
1. What are you doing for vacation ? I』m babysitting my sister .
Where are you going for vacation ? Italy .
這是現在進行時的一種比較特殊的用法，用來表示按計劃或安排要做的事情，現在還沒有去做。
2. Who are you going with ? I』m going with my parents . with my parents是介詞短語，在這里作伴隨狀語，起修飾謂語動詞are going的作用
3. When are you going ? I』m going on Monday .
4. What are you doing there ? I』m going hiking in the mountains .
5. How long are you staying ? Just for four days . I don』t like going away for too long .疑問詞hwo long是對時間長短或事物的長度提問，在這里是對時間的長短進行提問。
6. Have a good time . = Enjoy oneself . 玩得開心、愉快
7. Show me your photos when we get back to school . → show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某給某人看
8. I』m going to Hawaii for vacation . for vacation是介詞短語，在這里作目的狀語，起修飾謂語動詞的作用
9. What』s it like there ? 這里like是介詞，而不是動詞
10. Can I ask you some questions about your vacation plans ? → ask sb. sth . 問某人某事
11. Ben Lambert , the famous French singer , is taking a long vacation this summer ! → take a vacation 度假
12. He thought about going to Greece or Spain , but decided on Canada . → think about 考慮 / decide on 決定 這里的about和on都是介詞
13. 「 I always take vacation in Europe ,」 he said . 「 This time I want to do something different .」 → (1). want to do sth. (2). 修飾不定代詞(something , nothing , anything等)的定語常放在不定代詞的後面
14. He plans to have a very relaxing vacation . → plan to do sth. 計劃做某事
15. I』m planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside .
16. I just finished making my last movies . → finish doing sth. 完成做某事
17. I hear that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing . to go sightseeing是動詞不定式短語，作a good place的後置定語
18. She』s leaving for Hong Kong on Tuesday . → leave A for B 離開A地去B地
19. I want to ask you about places to visit China . to visit China是動詞不定式短語，作places的後置定語
20. I』m planning my vacation to Italy this weekend . to Italy是動詞不定式短語，作my vacation的後置定語
21. What should tourists take with them ? with them是介詞短語，在這里作伴隨狀語，起修飾謂語動詞take的作用
22. Where are you leaving from ? leave from 離開某地（註：from是介詞）

Unit Four
1. How do you get to school ? 疑問詞how 在這里是對方式進行提問
I ride my bike / walk / take the subway . By bike / bicycle / bus / train / subway / taxi / air / plane / ship / boat . On foot .
How do I get there ? 因there是副詞,所以不能說get to there Don』t worry . Let me look at your map . Ok , first … , next … . Then … .
2. How long does it take ? 疑問詞hwo long是對時間長短或事物的長度提問
It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus .
How long does t take you to get from home to school ?
It takes twenty-five minutes . → take sb. some time to do sth. 花費某人……時間做某事
3. Lin Fei』s home is about Kilometers from school .
4. How far is it from your home to school ? It』s three miles .
How far do you live from school ? I live 10 miles from school .
疑問詞how far在這里是對距離進行提問
5. In other parts of the world , things are different .
6. In China , it depends on where you are . → depend on 視……而定；決定於
7. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus .
8. In North America , not all students take the bus to school . not all是部分否定，意思是並不是所有的；不是全部的
9. Other parts of the world are different from the United States .
10. A small number of students take the subway . → a number of = many 許多
11. What do you think of the transportation in your town ? → think of 對……有某種看法
12. When it rains I take a taxi .
13. I have a map but in Chinese .
14. If you have a problem , you can ask a policeman .

Unit Five
1. Can you come to my party ?
Sure , I』d love(like) to . / I』m sorry , I can』t . I have to help my parents .
Can you play tennis with me ?
情態動詞can在這里起徵求對方意見的作用。
2. I have too much homework this weekend . too much後跟不可數名詞；too many後跟可數名詞復數
3. That』s too bad .
4. Maybe another time .
5. Thanks for asking . for介詞，後跟名詞，代詞或動名詞
6. Come and have fun . / Come and join us .
7. On Wednesday , I』m playing tennis with the school team .
8. I have to study for my science test on Thursday . have to強調客觀原因；而must強調主觀原因
9. Please keep quiet ! I』m trying to study . → try to do sth. 表示「 盡力做某事 」 , 不包含是否成功的意思
10. Do you want to come to my birthday party ? → want to do sth.意思是「想要做某事」
11. Li Lei is going fishing with grandpa the whole day . the whole day = all day 整天
12. Can you come over to my house ?
13. I』m free till 22:00 .

Unit Six
1. I』m more outgoing than my sister . → 主語 + 動詞 + 形容詞比較級別 + than + 比較對象
2. As you can see , in some ways we look the same , and in some ways we look different .
3. However , we both enjoy going to parties . → enjoy doing sth. = like doing sth. 喜歡做某事
4. Liu Li has more than one sister . more than 不止
5. Liu Li and Liu Ying have some things in common . → in common （團體）共同的；公有的
6. Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister . as …as 和……一樣 （其中as…as之間的形容詞必須用原級）；它的否定式是：not as(so) … as
7. Liu Ying talks more than Liu Li . 這里more是much的比較級，而不是many的比較級
8. Both girls go to lots of parties . lots of = a lot of 許多
9. My friend is the same as me . → be the same as … 與……一樣 / be different from …與……不同
10. I think a good friend makes me laugh . → make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
11. For me , a good friend likes to do the same things as me . → like to do sth.
12. That』s not very important for me ….
13. What』s your opinion ?
14. Should friends be different or the same ? same前常有定冠詞the
15. I like to have friends who are like me . / I like to have friends who are different from me . → like to do sth.中的like 是動詞,意思是「 喜歡 」；而are like me 中的like 是介詞，意思是「 像 」。要注意區別like的詞性。
16. I』m quieter than most of the kids in my class .
17. We both like doing the same things . → like doing sth. 喜歡做某事
18. Who do you think should get the job , Ruth or Rose ?
19. You must be good with children / enjoy telling jokes . → be good with sb. 對某人好；與某人相處融洽 / enjoy doing = like doing sth. 喜歡做某事
20. He can』t stop talking . → stop doing sth. 意為「 停止（正在）做的事情」 ，doing在句中是stop的賓語。如：When the teacher came in , the students stopped talking and laugh . 老師走了進來，學生們停止了談笑。 / stop to do sth. 意為「 停下（正在做的事）去做某事」 ，動詞不定式短語to do sth.在句中作動詞 stop 的目的狀語。 如：He stopped to write a letter to her . 他停下手邊的工作，給她寫信。
21. He always helps others .
22. She likes to stay at home and read . → like to do sth. 喜歡做某事 / stay at home 呆在家裡

Review of units 1-6
1. You use milk to make cheese and you can drink it , too . 動詞不定式短語to make cheese在這里作目的狀語，修飾use milk
2. A part of your body beginning with 「 a 」 . → begin with 以……開始 （注意：with是介詞）
3. The opposite of short is long or tall .
4. The neck is between your head and your body . → between … and 在……和……之間
5. Carrots , onions and peppers are all vegetables . → all用於三者或三者以上；both用於兩者。同時要注意它們在句中的位置，即位於連系動詞（be），助動詞（be , will , shall , should 等），情態動詞（can , may , must , have to等）的後面；其它動詞的前面。
6. I like reading books in my free time . like doing sth. 喜歡做某事 / in one』s free time 在空餘時間
7. I feel terrible , doctor . 在這里feel是連系動詞，terrible是形容詞作表語，feel terrible是系表結構作復合謂語
8. I usually relax in my swimming pool .
9. I』m very excited to be taking a vacation around China ! → be excited to do sth. 做某事很激動
10. Who is more athletic , Gao Yan or Li Tong ?
附：音節小議
英語的音素分為母音和輔音兩大類，由一個母音或一個母音加一個或幾個輔音結合構成的語音單位叫做音節。例如：
由一個母音構成的音節：I /aI/「我」、oh / u/「哦」、a/eI， /「一個」、ear/I /「耳朵」等；
由一個母音加一個輔音構成的音節： bee/bi:/「蜜蜂」、ill /il/「生病」、my/mai/「我的」、see /si:/「看見」等；
由一個母音加幾個輔音構成的音節：bed /bed/「床」、bag/b g/「袋子」、clock /kl k/等。
英語的詞有一個音節的，也有兩個音節或三個音節以上的。顧名思義，一個音節叫做單音節，兩個音節叫做雙音節，三個或三個以上的音節叫做多音節。例如good /gud/只有一個音節，所以叫做單音節詞；morning/`m :nI /分別有/m :n/和/I /兩個音節，所以叫做雙音節詞；而afternoon /`a:ft `nu:n/有/a:f/、/t /、/nu:n/三個音節，所以，叫做多音節詞。
在英語中，雙音節或多音節的單詞，每一個詞都有一個讀得特別響亮的音節，叫做重讀音節，重讀音節以重讀符號「`」來表示。例如在evening /`i:vni /一詞中，/i:/是重讀音節。一般來說，只有一個音節的單詞往往重讀，但通常不標重讀符號；雙音節詞和多音節詞至少有一個音節重讀，並在重讀的音節左上方標出重讀符號。
音節分為開音節和閉音節。以母音字母a 或 e, i, o, u結尾的音節叫做開音節，如nice, hi, hello, fine等都是以開音節結尾的單詞；以輔音字母結尾的音節叫做閉音節，如meet, bed, what, wall, mom等都是以閉音節結尾的單詞。
1.記單詞的最好辦法是什麼？ 把一個單詞造出多個句子，訓練把這多個句子在場景下脫口說出。句子記住了，單詞也當然得到了充分理解和長期記憶。
2.學習英語忌過分講究速度和效率，不願花時間經常重復（復習）已學過的內容。語言運用是一種技能，技能則只有靠熟能生巧，要不斷重復才會熟練，只有熟練了才會形成一種不假思索的技能。
3.語言是有聲的，我們對語言的感受首先是語言的聲音作用於我們的大腦。如果不練習聽力，只是默默地閱讀和背單詞，其結果不僅聽不懂別人講外語，而且閱讀水平也難以提高。
4.語言的實踐性很強，如果只學而不用，就永遠也學不好。我們學語言的目的就是為了應用，要學會在用中學習，這樣才能提高興趣，達到好的學習效果。

❼ 新目標八年級英語上冊期末復習提綱

針對英語學科，同學們要做到以下幾點：

1、利用好零碎時間學英語。五分鍾的時間可以做什麼？其實文科可以做的事情是很多的，建議同學們利用好零碎時間，課下五分鍾的時間，同學們也可以背兩個單詞或者看半篇閱讀，這些都是對學習有益的事情。要把每一點、每一滴的時間拾起來，不要小看這些零碎的時間，這是在期末時獲得一個好成績的好方法。

2、加強閱讀。每一天至少要做1、2篇閱讀理解，閱讀量是英語成績提高的保證。

2、掌握課堂知識。只要上課老師講到的，一定要保證學會了。例如今天講到的五個詞，除了拼寫以外，是否還掌握了它的用法。

最後，大家要養成每一天讀一點英語的習慣，英語的語感還是很重要的。無論你的英語有多優秀，有一段時間不去觸碰英語、不去溫習，肯定會對成績有影響。

❽ 八年級上冊英語復習提綱

1、詞類：英語詞類分十種：
名詞、形容詞、代詞、數詞、冠詞、動詞、副詞、介詞、連詞、感嘆詞。
1、名詞(n.)： 表示人、事物、地點或抽象概念的名稱。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.
2、代詞(pron.)： 主要用來代替名詞。如：who, she, you, it .
3、形容詞(adj..)：表示人或事物的性質或特徵。如：good, right, white, orange .
4、數詞(num.)： 表示數目或事物的順序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.
5、動詞(v.)： 表示動作或狀態。如：am, is,are,have,see .
6、副詞(adv.)： 修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞,說明時間、地點、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.
7、冠詞(art..)：用在名詞前,幫助說明名詞。如：a, an, the.
8、介詞(prep.)： 表示它後面的名詞或代詞與其他句子成分的關系。如in, on, from, above, behind.
9、連詞(conj.)： 用來連接詞、短語或句子。如and, but, before .
10、感嘆詞(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、樂等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello.
2、句子成分：英語句子成分分為七種：主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語、表語、賓語補足語。
1、主語是句子所要說的人或事物,回答是「誰」或者「什麼」。通常用名詞或代詞擔任。如：I』m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)
2、謂語動詞說明主語的動作或狀態,回答「做(什麼)」。主要由動詞擔任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (傑克每天打掃房間)
3、表語在系動詞之後,說明主語的身份或特徵,回答是「什麼」或者「怎麼樣」。通常由名詞、代詞或形容詞擔任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)
4、賓語表示及物動詞的對象或結果,回答做的是「什麼」。通常由名詞或代詞擔任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼這個詞)
有些及物動詞帶有兩個賓語,一個指物,一個指人。指物的叫直接賓語,指人的叫間接賓語。間接賓語一般放在直接賓語的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他給我寫了一封信)
有時可把介詞to或for加在間接賓語前構成短語,放在直接賓語後面,來強調間接賓語。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他給我寫了一封信)
5、定語修飾名詞或代詞,通常由形容詞、代詞、數詞等擔任。如：
Shanghai is a big city .(上海是個大城市)
6、狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞,通常由副詞擔任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力)
7、賓語補足語用來說明賓語怎麼樣或干什麼,通常由形容詞或動詞充當。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他們通常讓教室保持清潔) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常幫我做功課) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老師要我自學法語)
☆同位語通常緊跟在名詞、代詞後面,進一步說明它的情況。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同學湯姆在哪裡？)
3、構詞法：英語構詞法主要有：合成法、派生法和轉換法。
1、合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。
2、派生法：
(1)派生名詞：①動詞+er/or ②動詞+ing ③動詞+(t)ion ④形容詞+ness ⑤其他,如：inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge
(2)派生形容詞：①名詞+y ②名詞+ful ③動詞+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩國名+(i)an 如：snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious
(3)派生副詞：①形容詞+ly ②其它,如：slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly等等。
3、轉換法：
(1)形容詞→動詞,如：dry(乾燥的)→dry(弄乾), clean(干凈的)→clean(打掃,弄乾凈),等等。
(2)動詞→名詞,如：look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。
(3)名詞→動詞,如：hand(手)→(傳遞),face(臉)→(面對)等等。
(4)形容詞→副詞,如：early→early, fast→fast等等。
(5)副詞→連詞,如：when(什麼時候)→(當……時候),等等。
(6)介詞→副詞,如：in(到……里)→(在裡面；在家),on(在…上)→(進行,繼續)。